北京市丰台区2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期中试卷（B）（Word版含解析）

丰台区2022-2023学年度第一学期期中练习高一英语(B卷)(练习时间：90分钟)第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。LookOutHighSchoolItseemedthatallthestudentsatHillsideSchoolwerereallyeagertoleaveandmoveontohighschool—everyoneexceptNeil.Neilwasconfused(困惑的).Hehadnoreal___1___ofhighschool,exceptthatthereseemedtobemillionsofkids-bigkids.Neilalsodidn’tfind___2___easyandhadtoreadandre-readthingsmanytimesbeforehe___3___whatwaswrittenonthepage.Hetriedagainandagainbutthatdidn’thelpmuch.The___4___stillkeptmovingaboutthepage.Andatlunchtimeswhentheotherkids___5___theexcitingthingsandthegreattimeathighschool,Neilfeltleftout.Heonlythoughtofthehardworkandthe___6___.He’dheardaboutthelongpassagestowriteandthethickbookstoread,andheknewhe’d___7___again.Neilclosedhimselfofffromtheconversations,___8___someonetalkedabouthammers(锤子)andnails(钉子).“Somethingthatdidn’tinvolve(涉及)reading!”hesaidtohimself.“Maybehighschoolwon’tbeallthatbadafterall.”Hestartedlisteningmore___9___totheexcitedconversationamongthekidsinhisclass.Everyoneofthemseemedtobelookingforwardtomovingon.ToNeil,itwasstillthegreat____10____,andhardtounderstand.But,somethingdeepdowntoldhimthathighschoolwouldn’tbesobad,sotryinghisbestwouldcertainlybeagoodstart.1.A.ideaB.areaC.fieldD.dream2.A.shoppingB.learningC.teachingD.driving3.A.agreedB.thoughtC.hopedD.understood4.A.teachersB.booksC.wordsD.kids5.A.foundB.enjoyedC.thoughtD.discussed 6.A.playingB.readingC.speakingD.listening7.A.failB.missC.startD.forget8.A.becauseB.ifC.untilD.unless9.A.usuallyB.carefullyC.politelyD.Silently10.A.unknownB.chanceC.timeD.importance【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.C5.D6.B7.A8.C9.B10.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了尼尔刚上高中，在学习和阅读方面遇到了困难，但在听了其它学生讨论书本之外的事情后，开始逐渐对高中生活有了信心。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对中学没有真正的概念，只知道那里似乎有数百万个孩子——大孩子。A.idea想法；B.area区域；C.field田地；D.dream梦想。根据上文“Neilwasconfused.(尼尔很困惑)”可知，尼尔困惑是因为他对中学没有真正的概念，havenoideaof表示“完全不知道”。故选A。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼尔也不觉得学习是件容易的事，在他理解写在纸上的东西之前，他不得不反复阅读。A.shopping购物；B.learning学习；C.teaching教学；D.driving驾驶。根据后文“hadtoreadandre-readthingsmanytimes”可知要反复阅读很多次，说明学习不容易。故选B。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼尔也不觉得学习是件容易的事，在他理解写在纸上的东西之前，他不得不反复阅读。A.agreed同意；B.thought认为；C.hoped希望；D.understood理解。根据后文“Hetriedagainandagainbutthatdidn’thelpmuch.(他试了一次又一次，但没有多大帮助)”可知，在他理解写在纸上的东西之前，他不得不反复阅读。故选D。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：字仍然在纸上移动。A.teachers老师；B.books书籍；C.words话语，单词；D.kids孩子们。根据后文“stillkeptmovingaboutthepage”此处指书上的单词在尼尔眼中很陌生，只是在纸上移动，没有真正理解。故选C。【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在午餐时间，当其他孩子讨论令人兴奋的事情和在高中的美好时光时，尼尔感到被冷落了。A.found发现；B.enjoyed欣赏；C.thought认为；D.discussed讨论。根据后文“theexcitingthingsandthegreattimeathighschool”可知是指其他孩子讨论令人兴奋的事情和在高中的美好时光。故选D。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只想着艰苦的学习和阅读。A.playing玩耍；B.reading阅读；C.speaking说；D.listening听。结合第二段内容可知，尼尔在阅读方面有困难，所以是只想着艰苦的学习和阅读。故选B。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他听说过要写大段文章，要读厚厚的书，他知道他又要失败了。A.fail失败；B.miss错过；C.start开始；D.forget忘记。根据后文again以及提到要阅读厚厚的书，所以尼尔觉得又要失败了。故选A。【8题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：尼尔把自己隔绝在谈话之外，直到有人谈起了锤子和钉子。A.because因为；B.if如果；C.until直到；D.unless除非。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”应用until。故选C。【9题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他开始更仔细地听他班上孩子们激动的谈话。A.usually通常；B.carefully仔细地；C.politely礼貌地；D.silently沉默地。根据上文“Maybehighschoolwon’tbeallthatbadafterall.(也许高中生活终究不会那么糟糕)”可知，尼尔开始认为高中生活没那么糟糕了，所以开始更仔细地听他班上孩子们激动的谈话。故选B。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对尼尔来说，这仍然是一个巨大的未知数，很难理解。A.unknown未知；B.chance机会；C.time时间；D.importance重要性。根据后文“andhardtounderstand”可知，对尼尔来说，这仍然是一个巨大的未知数，很难理解。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASeniorsecondaryschoolisanewstart.Studyingisdefinitelyabigpartof____11____life.Itend tosetagoalforeverysubjectatthebeginningofeachterm.Myaimis____12____wellineverysubjectthisterm.Iamalwaysattentiveinallclassesandthink____13____,sothatIcanhavemorefreetimetodootherthingsthatIaminterestedinafterschool.11.A.IB.meC.my12.A.doB.todoC.doing13.A.activelyB.activeC.activity【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了高中是一个新的开始，学习是作者生活中很重要的一部分。【11题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：学习绝对是我生活中很重要的一部分。A.I主格，我；B.me宾格，我；C.my我的。修饰后文名词life应用形容词性物主代词my。故选C。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的目标是这学期每门功课都要考好。A.do原形，做；B.todo不定式，去做；C.doing做。此处说明主语aim的内容，用不定式作表语。故选B。【13题详解】考查副词、形容词和名词辨析。句意：我在每节课上都很专心，积极思考，这样我就有更多的空闲时间做其他我感兴趣的事情。A.actively副词，活跃地；B.active形容词，活跃的；C.activity名词，活动。修饰动词think应用副词actively，作状语。故选A。BZhangTiangraduatedfromuniversityand____14____ateacher’scertificatelastyear.Hisparents,likemost,hopedhewouldgotoabigcitytofindateachingjob.Likewise,his____15____alllefthishometownforworkinShanghaiorBeijing.ZhangTianfeltdifferently,however.Hewantedtostartanewlifestyle.Heappliedforandbecameavolunteerteacher____16____avillageschool.14.A.getB.gotC.getting15.A.friendshipB.friendlyC.friends16.A.withB.inC.for【答案】14.B15.C16.B【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。张天去年大学毕业，拿到了教师资格证。他的父母和大多数人一样，希望他能去大城市找一份教书的工作。同样，他的朋友们都离开了家乡，到上海或北京工作。然而，张天却有不同的感受。他想开始一种新的生活方式。他申请并成为了一所乡村学校的支教教师。【14题详解】考查时态辨析。句意：张天去年大学毕业，拿到了教师资格证。A.get一般现在时；B.got一般过去时；C.getting现在分词。根据后文“lastyear”可知为一般过去时。故选B。【15题详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：同样，他的朋友们都离开了家乡，到上海或北京工作。A.friendship名词，友谊；B.friendly形容词，友好的；C.friends名词，朋友。根据后文“alllefthishometownforworkinShanghaiorBeijing”可知，作主语，应用复数名词friends。故选C。【16题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他申请并成为了一所乡村学校的支教教师。A.with和；B.in在里面；C.for为了。根据后文“avillageschool”指在乡村学校当教师，应用介词in。故选B。COnthefirstdayofmyseniorhigh,thecampuswasstillquiet____17____Iarrived,soIdecidedtolookaround.I____18____atthephotosonthenoticeboardwhenIheardavoicebehindme.“Newhere?”Turningaround,Isawawhite-hairedman.“Yes,”Ireplied.“I’mwondering____19____lifeisgoingtobelikehere.”“Don’tworry,”hegavemeasmile.“You____20____outsoon.”17.A.whenB.sinceC.before18.A.lookedB.amlookingC.waslooking19.A.whichB.whatC.if20.A.willfindB.foundC.find【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者高中第一天在学校里的经历。【17题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在我高中的第一天，当我到达校园时，校园还很安静，所以我决定四处看看。A.when当……时候；B.since自从；C.before在……之前。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when。故选A。 【18题详解】考查时态辨析。句意：我正在看布告栏上的图片，这时我听到身后有声音。A.looked一般过去时；B.amlooking现在进行时；C.waslooking过去进行时。此处描述过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，故选C。【19题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我在想这里的生活会是什么样子。A.which哪一个；B.what什么；C.if如果。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么样子”，应用what。故选B。【20题详解】考查时态辨析。句意：你很快就会知道了。A.willfind一般将来时；B.found一般过去时；C.find一般现在时。根据后文soon可知描述将来的动作，在直接引语里，用一般将来时。故选A。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节(共12小题;每小题2分，共24分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHereissomeinformationaboutbooksprintedbyClarenPress.InItIsFallstudentslearnaboutsomeofthethingsseenandusedduringautumn.Picturesandtheuseofhigh-frequencywordssupportbeginningreaders.InthebookSunnyWorld,studentslearnaboutsomeoftheanimals,plants,activities,andtypesofweatherconnectedwithspring.Thesimpletextandattractivecartoonssupportbeginningreaders.JumpingOutshowsalittledoghavingfunasitjumpsoutofvariousthings.Thesupportivepictureswillhelpthebeginningreadersrecognizethenewwordsoneachpage.Thelivelypictureshelptomakethisbookespeciallyenjoyableforchildren.Go,Go,Go,withpicturesinit,introducesreaderstovariousanimalsastheyjumpintothebackofatruck.Eachfollowingpageshowsotheranimalsjumpingintothetruck.Attheendofthebook,thetruckismoving,jam-packedwithanimals. ThebookWhereIsItintroduceschildrentotheideaofbeingontopofvariousthings.Eachpageofthebookshowsaplayfulmonkeyontopofafamiliarobjectthatchildrenwillcasilyrecognize.Theone-to-onepicturecorrespondencewillbehelpfulforbeginningreaders.21.Allthebooksabovearewrittenfor____________.A.teachersB.parentsC.childrenD.farmers22.Readerswillgettoknowsomethingsseenorusedduringautumnin____________.A.ItIsFallB.JumpingOutC.WhereIsItD.SunnyWorld23.InGo,Go,Go,readersmaylearnabout____________.A.plantsB.seasonsC.trucksD.animals24.Whatmakesallthebooksaboveenjoyable?A.Pictures.B.Activities.C.Animals.D.Colors.【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五本适合孩子阅读的书籍。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第一部分“InItIsFall,studentslearnaboutsomeofthethingsseenandusedduringautumn.(在《秋天来了》中，学生们学习了一些在秋天看到和使用的东西)”；第二部分“InthebookSunnyWorld,studentslearnaboutsomeoftheanimals,plants,activities,andtypesofweatherconnectedwithspring.(在《阳光世界》这本书中，学生们了解了一些与春天有关的动物、植物、活动和天气类型)”；第三部分“Thelivelypictureshelptomakethisbookespeciallyenjoyableforchildren.(生动的图画使孩子们特别喜欢这本书)”以及最后一部分中“ThebookWhereIsItintroduceschildrentotheideaofbeingontopofvariousthings.(《在哪里》这本书向孩子们介绍了“在各种事物之上”的概念)”可推知，文章的读者是孩子。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分“InItIsFall,studentslearnaboutsomeofthethingsseenandusedduringautumn.(在《秋天来了》中，学生们学习了一些在秋天看到和使用的东西)”可知，读者可以在ItIsFall上了解一些秋天看到或使用的东西。故选A。 【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第四部分中“Go,Go,Go,withpicturesinit,introducesreaderstovariousanimalsastheyjumpintothebackofatruck.(《走走走》配有图片，向读者介绍了跳上卡车后部的各种动物)”可知，读者可以了解动物。故选D。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分中“Picturesandtheuseofhigh-frequencywordssupportbeginningreaders.(图片和高频词的使用支持初级读者)”；第二部分中“Thesimpletextandattractivecartoonssupportbeginningreaders.(简单的文字和吸引人的漫画支持初级读者)”；第三部分中“Thelivelypictureshelptomakethisbookespeciallyenjoyableforchildren.(生动的图画使孩子们特别喜欢这本书)”；第四部分中“Go,Go,Go,withpicturesinit,introducesreaderstovariousanimalsastheyjumpintothebackofatruck.(《走走走》配有图片，向读者介绍了跳上卡车后部的各种动物)”以及最后一部分中“Theone-to-onepicturecorrespondencewillbehelpfulforbeginningreaders.(一对一的图片对应将对初学阅读的读者有帮助)”可知，是图画使以上所有的书都令人愉快。故选A。BTwelve-year-oldMathewFloresisdifferentfromotherkids.Helovesjunkmail,andtheseadsweretheonlyreadingmaterialshecouldfind.Onceheaskedhismailmanifhecouldofferhimsome.Thequestionsurprisedthemailman.Heaskedtheboythereason,andthensharedthestoryonFacebook.“Todaywhiledeliveringmail,Isawaboyreadingads,andheaskedmeformoremail.Infact,hewantstogotothelibrary,buthisfamilyisverypoorandhedoesn’thavemoneytotakethebus.”ThemailmanthenaskedhisFacebookfriendsiftheycouldgivesomebookstotheboy.Hewrote,“Mostkidswantcomputersormobilephones!Butwhathewantsisbooks.It’sgreattoseehisunusualwish,andyoumayhaveseenhimsmilewhenIsaidIcouldhelphim!”“Heiscountingonme,”hesaid.“SoIamcountingonyou!”ThemailmanthoughttheFacebookpostmightbringin50to60books.Butitwaspassedonquickly.Peoplefromaroundtheworld,includingtheUK,AustraliaandIndia,havesentbooks.Hundredsofbookshavebeendeliveredtotheboy’sdoor,withhundredsmorestillontheirway.Whenbooksfirststartedarriving,Floreswassurprisedatwhathappened.“Ithoughttheyweremistaken,buttheyindeedwereforme.”Hesaysthathecan’twaittosharethebookswithotherkids, andhaspromisedtoreadeveryone.25.HowisFloresdifferentfromotherkids?A.Hesellsbooks.B.Helikesreading.C.Hedeliversmails.D.Hewantstobeamailman.26.TohelpFlores,themailman___________.A.tookhimtothelibraryB.paidforhisbusticketsC.offeredhimsomejunkmailD.postedhisstoryonFacebook27.WhatcanyoulearnaboutthemailmanfromhiswordsinParagraph3?A.Heishonest.B.Heishardworking.C.Heisconfident.D.Heiswarmhearted.28.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AjunkmailB.AnunexpectedgiftC.AnexcellentjobD.Aninterestingbook【答案】25.B26.D27.D28.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了男孩马修·弗洛雷斯很喜欢阅读，但是家中艰难，没钱买书或去图书馆看书，于是他让邮递员把垃圾邮件给他阅读。邮递员得知后，在网上发布了他的故事，马修·弗洛雷斯得到了许多的书籍。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Helovesjunkmail,andtheseadsweretheonlyreadingmaterialshecouldfind.(他喜欢垃圾邮件，这些广告是他唯一能找到的阅读材料)”以及第二段中“Todaywhiledeliveringmail,Isawaboyreadingads,andheaskedmeformoremail.Infact,hewantstogotothelibrary,buthisfamilyisverypoorandhedoesn’thavemoneytotakethebus.(今天在送邮件的时候，我看到一个男孩在看广告，他问我要更多的邮件。事实上，他想去图书馆，但他的家庭很穷，他没有钱坐公共汽车)”可知，弗洛雷斯和其他孩子的不同在于他喜欢阅读。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Heaskedtheboythereason,andthensharedthestoryonFacebook.(他问男孩原因，然后在脸书上分享了这个故事)”以及第三段“ThemailmanthenaskedhisFacebookfriendsiftheycouldgivesomebookstotheboy.(然后邮递员问他在Facebook上的朋友们是否可以送一些书给这个男孩)”可知，为了帮助弗洛雷斯，邮递员在Facebook 上发布他的故事。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ThemailmanthenaskedhisFacebookfriendsiftheycouldgivesomebookstotheboy.Hewrote,“Mostkidswantcomputersormobilephones!Butwhathewantsisbooks.It’sgreattoseehisunusualwish,andyoumayhaveseenhimsmilewhenIsaidIcouldhelphim!”“Heiscountingonme,”hesaid.“SoIamcountingonyou!”(然后邮递员问他在Facebook上的朋友们是否可以送一些书给这个男孩。他写道：“大多数孩子想要电脑或手机！但他想要的是书。看到他不寻常的愿望真是太好了，你可能看到当我说我可以帮助他时，他笑了！他指望我呢。所以我就指望你们了!”)”可推知，邮递员很热心。故选D。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Whenbooksfirststartedarriving,Floreswassurprisedatwhathappened.“Ithoughttheyweremistaken,buttheyindeedwereforme.”Hesaysthathecan’twaittosharethebookswithotherkids,andhaspromisedtoreadeveryone.(当书刚到的时候，弗洛雷斯对发生的事情感到惊讶。“我以为他们弄错了，但他们确实是给我的。”他说，他迫不及待地想和其他孩子分享这些书，并承诺要读完每一本)”结合文章主要讲述了男孩马修·弗洛雷斯很喜欢阅读，但是家中艰难，没钱买书或去图书馆看书，于是他让邮递员把垃圾邮件给他阅读。邮递员得知后，在网上发布了他的故事，马修·弗洛雷斯得到了许多的书籍。由此可知，B选项“一个意想不到的礼物”最符合文章标题。故选B。CDuringtheCOVID-19pandemic(新冠肺炎疫情),manypeoplefeellonelyandbored.“Thereisalonelinessepidemic(流行病),”saidJohnDattilofromPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,US.Sohe,togetherwithaninternationalteamofresearchers,studiedhowtoreducelonelinessandincreasepositivefeelingsduringthepandemic.Accordingtotheirnewstudy,reducedlonelinesshassomethingtodowithdoingenjoyable activitiesthatrequirebothattentionandskill.“Whenpeoplepayalltheirattentiontowhattheyaredoing,theyenterastatecalled‘flow’,”Dattiloexplained.“Flowcanbeachievedbydoingactivitiesthatwevalueandthatrequireustofocusfullytouseourskills.”Toachieveastateofflow,theremustbeabalancebetweenthechallengeofthetaskandyourskilllevel.Forexample,ifyou’retryingtocreateanewcomputerprogrambutyourskilllevelislow,thenyou’repossibletofeelstressedinsteadofachieving“flow”.Butifthetaskistooeasy,thenyouwillfeelboredand“flow”willnotappear,either.Ifyouhaveartisticskills,forexample,playingthepianoorpaintingcanleadtoflow.Socanthingslikeskiing,writingandstorytelling,dependingonwhoyouare.“Whenweenterastateofflow,webecomeattentiveandfocused,andweexperienceshortenjoyment,”Dattilosaid.“Whenweleaveastateofflow,weareoftensurprisedbyhowmuchtimehaspassed.”However,watchingtelevisionusuallydoesn’thelppeopleenterflow,accordingtoDattilo,becausetherearen’tanychallenges.“Peoplebecomeandcontinuetobestrongonhealthyactivitiesandchallenge,”saidDattilo.“Wehopethisresearchwillhelppeoplelivefuller,happier,healthierlives.”29.Inhisstudy,Dattilowantedtofindout_________.A.whypeoplelikenewchallengesB.howtoreducelonelinessC.whypeoplefeellonelyD.howtobestrong30Howdopeoplefeelwhentheyenterthe“flow”state?A.Theyarelonelyandbored.B.Theyfeelstressedandtired.C.Theyarefocusedandhappy.D.Theyfeeltimepassestooquickly.31.Whichactivityispossibletohelppeopleachieveflow?A.Drawing.B.WatchingTV.C.Chatting.D.Eatingnuts.32.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toshareahealthylifestyle.B.Tointroducethestateofflow.C.Toshowwaystostaymorepositive.D.Todrawpeople’sattentiontoloneliness. 【答案】29.B30.C31.A32.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Dattilo与一个国际研究团队一起进行了如何减少疫情期间人们的孤独情绪的研究，他们认为，做令人愉快的有挑战性的事情使人们进入心流状态能使人们减少孤独。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Sohe,togetherwithaninternationalteamofresearchers,studiedhowtoreducelonelinessandincreasepositivefeelingsduringthepandemic.(因此，他与一个国际研究团队一起，研究了如何在疫情期间减少孤独，增加积极情绪)”可知，Dattilo所进行的研究是如何减少孤独的研究。故选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句““Whenweenterastateofflow,webecomefocused,andweexperiencemomentaryenjoyment,”Dattilosaid.(达蒂洛说：“当我们进入心流状态时，我们会变得专注，并体验到短暂的快乐。”)”可知，进入心流的状态会让人变得专注并感到快乐。故选C项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段内容“Ifyouhaveartisticskills,forexample,playingthepianoorpaintingcanleadtoflow.Socanthingslikeskiing,writingandstorytelling,dependingonwhoyouare.(如果你有艺术技能，例如，弹钢琴或绘画可以导致心流。滑雪、写作和讲故事也可以，这取决于你是谁)”以及倒数第二段内容“However,watchingtelevisionusuallydoesn’thelppeopleenterflow,accordingtoDattilo,becausetherearen’tanychallenges.(然而，根据达蒂洛的说法，看电视通常不会帮助人们进入心流状态，因为没有任何挑战)”可知，艺术类的弹钢琴，绘画以及滑冰，写作，讲故事等可以达到心流状态，而看电视没有挑战性，不会帮助人达到心流状态。故选A。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段““Whenpeoplepayalltheirattentiontowhattheyaredoing,theyenterastatecalled‘flow’,”Dattiloexplained.“Flowcanbeachievedbydoingactivitiesthatwevalueandthatrequireustofocusfullytouseourskills.”(Dattilo解释说：“当人们把所有的注意力都放在他们正在做的事情上时，他们就进入了一种叫做‘心流’的状态。心流可以通过做我们重视的活动来实现，这些活动需要我们完全专注于使用我们的技能。”)”结合文章主要介绍了Dattilo 与一个国际研究团队一起进行了如何减少疫情期间人们的孤独情绪的研究，他们认为，做令人愉快的有挑战性的事情使人们进入心流状态能使人们减少孤独。可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍心流状态。故选B。第二节(共7小题，16分)阅读下面短文，按照题目要求完成下列任务。11-year-oldRubyhaslongbeenclosetoolderpeople.HermotherAmanda,isanursewhoworksatnursinghomesinHarrison,andRubyoftenfollowsheraroundinthesummer.LastMay,RubylearnedaresidentnamedPearlfeltsosadforshehadtosendherdogaway.Thereasonwasthatthenursinghomedidn’tallowresidentstohavedogsandPearlcouldn’taffordtopayanyonetolookafterhers.Shealsolearnedthatmanynursinghomeresidentswereunabletoaffordeventhesmallestluxuries.SoRubydecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Shestartedbyaskingresidentswhatthreethingstheywantedmostintheworld.Amandaworriedthatpeoplewouldaskforcarsandotherthingsthatan11-year-oldwouldn’thavemoneytobuy.However,theyaskedforchocolates,McDonald’sfries,shoesthatfitwell,andevenjustakiss.“Itsurprisedmealot,”Amandasays.“Weleftthenursinghomethatdayandwenttoastoreatonceandboughtasmanythingsaswecould.”Usingtheirownmoney,Rubyandhermothermetthewishesofabout100residentsinthreemonths.Thentheystartedaskingforhelp.ThegoodpeopleofHarrisonrespondedenthusiastically,somuchthatAmandasetupaGoFundMepageontheInternet,ThreeWishesforRubysResidents,hopingtocollect$5,000.Theyhittheirgoalinonlyafewdays.AfterGofundMesharedRuby’sstorynationwidethispastJanuary,ThreeWishesraised$20,000in24hoursandmorethan$250,000infivemonths.Earlierthisyear,ThreeWishesbecameanonprofit(非盈利机构)anddevelopednationwide.Oneofitsnewgoalsistosetupasharedlaptopinonenursinghomeineachstate.Rubydoesn’tplantostopthere.Actually,besidesRuby,moreyoungpeopleareinvolvedinhelpingothersasahobby.任务一根据短文内容，选择所给单词的正确意义。两个选项为多余项。A.togiveB.toreachacertaintargetC.tocomeincontactwithsomeone DtohaveenoughmoneytodosomethingE.showingalotofexcitementandinterestF.tomakesomebodytakepartinsomething33.afford________34.enthusiastically________35.hit________36.involve________任务二根据短文内容，按照题目要求用英文回答问题。37.WhydidPearlhavetosendherdogaway?38.WhatdidRubydofortheresidentsinthenursinghome?39.DoyouwanttobeapersonlikeRuby?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout30words)【答案】33.D34.E35.B36.F37.Becausethenursinghomedidn’tallowresidentstohavedogsandPearlcouldn’taffordtopayanyonetolookafterthedog.38.Rubymetwishesofnursinghomeresidents.39.Yes.BecauseRudy’sselflessactnotonlyhelpedtheelderlyrealizetheirwishes,butalsodrewmorepeople’sattentiontothisgroup,whichhadapositiveimpactonsocialwelfare.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了11岁的Ruby和母亲一起，致力于实现老人院老人的愿望并为之筹集资金。【33题详解】考查单词。根据画线词所在句“Thereasonwasthatthenursinghomedidn’tallowresidentstohavedogsandPearlcouldn’taffordtopayanyonetolookafterhers.(原因是养老院不允许居民养狗，而Pearl又付不起雇人照顾她的费用)”可知，afford意思是“付不起”。与D选项“有足够的钱做某事”意思符合。故选D。【34题详解】考查单词。根据画线词所在句“ThegoodpeopleofHarrisonrespondedenthusiastically,somuch thatAmandasetupaGoFundMepageontheInternet,ThreeWishesforRubysResidents,hopingtocollect$5,000.(哈里森的好人们反应热烈，阿曼达在网上建立了一个GoFundMe网页，名为“给卢比居民的三个愿望”，希望能筹集5000美元)”可知，enthusiastically意思是“热心地，热烈地”。与E选项“表现出非常兴奋和兴趣”意思符合。故选E。【35题详解】考查单词。根据画线词所在句“Theyhittheirgoalinonlyafewdays.(他们只用了几天就达到了目标)”可知，hit意思是“完成目标”。与B选项“达到某一目标”意思符合。故选B。【36题详解】考查单词。根据画线词所在句“Actually,besidesRuby,moreyoungpeopleareinvolvedinhelpingothersasahobby.(事实上，除了Ruby，更多的年轻人把帮助别人作为一种爱好)”可知，involve意思是“参与”。与F选项“使某人参加某事”意思符合。故选F。【37题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Thereasonwasthatthenursinghomedidn’tallowresidentstohavedogsandPearlcouldn’taffordtopayanyonetolookafterhers.(原因是养老院不允许居民养狗，而Pearl又付不起雇人照顾她的费用)”可知，Pearl要把她的狗送走是因为养老院不允许居民养狗，而Pearl又付不起雇人照顾狗费用。故答案为Becausethenursinghomedidn’tallowresidentstohavedogsandPearlcouldn’taffordtopayanyonetolookafterthedog.【38题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“Usingtheirownmoney,Rubyandhermothermetthewishesofabout100residentsinthreemonths.(Ruby和她的母亲用自己的钱，在三个月内满足了大约100名居民的愿望)”可知，Ruby为养老院的居民实现愿望。故答案为Rubymetwishesofnursinghomeresidents.【39题详解】开放性题目。题干：你想成为像Ruby一样的人吗？为什么想或者为什么不想呢？可回答：是的。因为鲁迪的无私行为不仅帮助了老人实现了他们的愿望，也让更多的人关注到这个群体，对社会福利产生了积极的影响。故答案为Yes.BecauseRudy’sselflessactnotonlyhelpedtheelderlyrealizetheirwishes,butalsodrewmorepeople’sattentiontothisgroup,whichhadapositiveimpactonsocialwelfare.第三部分书面表达(共两节，30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)阅读句子，根据句意选择方框内合适的词组，用其恰当形式填空。aswellastendtoberesponsibleforfromtimetotimedealwith40.I____________setagoalforeverysubjectatthebeginningofeachterm.41.It’simportanttomeetfriendsinperson____________,notjustonsocialmedia.42.Thethoughtofleavingonceflashedthroughhismind,buthequicklygaveupontheideaandfoundwaysto____________thechallenges.43.Theyenjoyplayingfootballinplayground,____________singingsongsthey’velearnt.44.ZhangTianwastheonlyEnglishteacher.Theothertwolocalteachers____________mathandChinese.【答案】40.tendto41.fromtimetotime42.dealwith43.aswellas44.wereresponsiblefor【解析】【40题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我倾向于在每学期开始时为每门学科设定一个目标。根据后文“setagoalforeverysubjectatthebeginningofeachterm”以及句意“倾向于”可知短语为tendto，结合后文atthebeginningofeachterm可知为一般现在时，主语为I，谓语用原形。故填tendto。【41题详解】考查固定短语。句意：不只是在社交媒体上，时不时地和朋友见面是很重要的。根据上文“It’simportanttomeetfriendsinperson”以及句意“时不时地”可知短语为fromtimetotime。故填fromtimetotime。【42题详解】考查固定短语。句意：离开的念头一度闪过他的脑海，但他很快就放弃了这个念头，并找到了应对挑战的方法。根据后文“thechallenges”以及句意“应对”可知短语为dealwith，此处为不定式作后置定语。故填dealwith。 【43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他们喜欢在操场上踢足球，也喜欢唱他们学过的歌。根据后文“singingsongsthey’velearnt”以及句意“也”可知短语为aswellas。故填aswellas。【44题详解】考查固定短语。句意：张天是唯一的英语老师。另外两位当地老师负责数学和语文。根据后文“mathandChinese”以及句意“负责”可知短语为beresponsiblefor，结合上文was可知为一般过去时，主语为，谓语用复数。故填wereresponsiblefor。第二节(20分)45.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim得知你上了高中，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.介绍你的高中生活；2.你的感受和对未来的憧憬。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,Howtimeflies!Ithasbeenmorethanonemonthsincemyseniorschoollifebegan.NowIhavemademanynewfriends,andwehelpeachothergreatly.Thenewteachersarefriendlyandenthusiastic.However,Ialsohavesomeworriesaboutmystudy.Inthenewschool,IamnolongeroneofthetopstudentsjustasIwasinjuniorhighschool,whichworriesandupsetsme.Thesubjectsinseniorhighschoolaremuchharder.SometimesIcan’tfollowmyteachers.ButI’msureI’llgetthroughallthedifficultiesandmakeprogressinthefuture. Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim得知你上了高中，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件。【详解】1.词汇积累担心：worry→concern想要做某事：wanttodosth.→wouldliketodosth.帮助某人：helpsb.→givesb.ahand确信的：sure→confident2.句式拓展合并简单句变复合句原句：Thesubjectsinseniorhighschoolaremuchharder.SometimesIcan’tfollowmyteachers.拓展句：Becausethesubjectsinseniorhighschoolaremuchharder,sometimesIcan’tfollowmyteachers.【点睛】【高分句型1】IamnolongeroneofthetopstudentsjustasIwasinjuniorhighschool,whichworriesandupsetsme.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】ButI’msureI’llgetthroughallthedifficultiesandmakeprogressinthefuture.(运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)