浙江省温州市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期11月第一次适应性考试（一模）（Word版附解析）

温州市普通高中2023届高三第一次适应性考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatisLynda?A.Aperson.B.Awebsite.C.Acourse.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atarestaurant.B.Athome.C.Atahotel.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofmakinggrapewine?A.Difficult.B.Enjoyable.C.Time-wasting.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Colleagues.C.Teacherandstudent.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anarticle.B.Aprofessor.C.Aresearch.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whenwillthephonecallsbecheaper?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.7.Howdoesthemansoundatlast?A.Interested.B.Unhappy. C.Excited.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatissaidaboutthecompany?A.Itimportscars.B.Itisatravelagency.C.Itoffersahighsalary.9.Whatkindofpeopledoesthecompanyneed?A.Recentgraduates.BEnthusiasticyouths.C.Experiencedworkers.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Buyacar.B.Gotraveling.C.Applyforthejob.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatdoesTeresaplantodothisafternoon?A.Gofishing.B.Goboating.C.Gowhalewatching.12.HowwasCindy’slasttrip?A.Disappointing.B.Rewarding.C.Challenging.13.HowlongwillTeresa’stripprobablylast?A.Onehour.B.Twohours.C.Threehours.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatisGreenPeace?A.Ananimalshelter.B.Awildlifereserve.C.Anon-violentorganization.15.WhatdoesthemanmainlydoinGreenPeace?A.Organizeprotests.B.Actasthespokesman.C.Saveendangeredanimals.16.WhathasGreenPeacebeeninvolvedinrecently? A.Anti-nuclearcampaigns.B.Anti-animal-abuseprotests.C.Industrialwastemanagement.17.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardsthecampaign?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Concerned.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.What’stherelationshipbetweensmokinganddrinking?A.Dependent.B.Unrelated.C.Contradictory.19.Whatdoweknowaboutnicotine?A.Ithelpsquitdrinking.B.Itmakespeoplesleepy.C.Itweakenstheeffectofalcohol.20.Whatismentionedatlast?A.Themethodoftheresearch.B.Thesubjectsoftheresearch.C.Thesignificanceoftheresearch.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANobodylikestospendmoneyonanewbookonlytofacedisappointmentwhenitdoesn’tliveuptoyourexpectations.Herearethebestbookreviewsitestohelpyouavoidbuyingbooksthatyou’llregretreading.GoodreadsGoodreadsistheleadingonlinecommunityforbooklovers.Ifyouwantsomeinspirationforwhichnovelorbiographytoreadnext,thisisthebestbookreviewsitetovisit.Thereareanendlessnumberofuser-generatedreadingliststoexplore.FantasyBookReviewFantasyBookReviewshouldbehighonthelistforanyonewhoisafanoffantasyworks.Thebookreviewsitepublishesreviewsforbothchildren’sbooksandadults’books.Ithasasectiononthetopfantasybooksofalltime.BooklistBooklistisaprintmagazinethatalsooffersanonlineportal.TrustedexpertsfromtheAmericanLibraryAssociationwriteallthebookreviews.Youcanseepartsofreviewsfordifferentbooks.However,toreadtheminfull,youwillneedtosubscribe.YouTubeYouTubeisnotthetypeofplacethatimmediatelyspringstomindwhenyouthinkofthebest bookreviewsitesonline.However,thereareseveralengagingYouTubechannelsthatfrequentlyofferopinionsonbooksthey’veread.Althoughit’seasytobeattractedbyanimpressivebookcover,it’salwaysbesttohaveaquicklookatthebookreviewsbeforeactuallybuyingacopy.Thisway,youcansaveyourmoneyandspenditonthebooksthatyou’llbeproudtodisplayonyourshelvesforalongtime.1.Whichsitebestsuitspeoplewhowanttobuyabiography?A.Goodreads.B.FantasyBookReview.C.Booklist.D.YouTube.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoonBooklist?A.Editbookreviews.B.Discusswithexperts.C.Readfullreviewsafterpayment.D.Findinformationaboutwriters.3.Whatisrecommendedbeforebuyingabook?A.Notingthebookcover.B.Readingthebookreviews.C.Preparingadisplayshelf.D.Checkingthebook’sratings.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个书评网站的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ifyouwantsomeinspirationforwhichnovelorbiographytoreadnext,thisisthebestbookreviewsitetovisit.(如果你想要一些下一本小说或传记的灵感，这是最好的书评网站访问)”可知，Goodreads最适合想买传记的人。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Youcanseepartsofreviewsfordifferentbooks.However,toreadtheminfull,youwillneedtosubscribe.(你可以看到不同书籍的部分评论。然而，要完整阅读它们，你需要订阅)”可知，访客可以在Booklist上付款后阅读完整的评论。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Althoughit’seasytobeattractedbyanimpressivebookcover,it’salwaysbesttohaveaquicklookatthebookreviewsbeforeactuallybuyingacopy.(尽管人们很容易被一本令人印象深刻的书的封面所吸引，但在真正购买之前，最好还是快速浏览一下书评)”可知，在买书之前，建议阅读书评。故选B。BIt’saclassicstory:Akidisforcedtolearnaninstrumentfromayoungage,theyplayitthroughouttheirchildhood,andtheydevelopabittersweetrelationshipwithit.Istheconstantbattlebetweentheloveforthemusicandthehatefortheconstantchallengeworththefight?Forme,itwas.IstartedplayingthepianowhenIwasfour-thatwas15yearsago!Thiswashuge commitment,sotheremusthavebeensomethingworthholdingonto,right?TheeasyguessisthatIwaspurelyinlovewithmusicandpiano.Althoughthat’sthesweetertale,it’sabitmorecomplicated.Istruggledalotwithpiano.Familyandpeerswere,atleastinmyownhead,constantlyplacedbesidemeincompetition.Ifeltpressuretobethebestinordertoprovesomethingtoothers-andmoredevastatingly(破坏性地)toprovesomethingtomyself.Theseedofmymusicalinterestwasgrowninthesunlightofcompetitionanddoubt.Hatesprouted(滋生)whenmyself-criticismhittoohard.It’sdifficulttolearntolovesomethingthatdidn’toriginatefromlove.Forawhile,pianowasmoreofanannoyancethanahobby.Butsomehow,lovegrew.Itwasdeeplyburied.Butitwasthere,andbyhighschool,itwasstrongenoughthatwhenIwastrulyonthevergeofquittinganykindofformaltraining.Ifoundthestrengthtoholdontighter,anddigfurther.Iswitchedteachers,andgotincrediblyluckywithonewhohelpedmetunnelintowhatIloved.Ilearnedpiecesformyself,Icomposedformyself,andIfoundconfidencenotbecauseIgot“goodenough,”butbecauseIlearnedthatanythingIhadwasgoodenough.TheloveandhateI’vehadforthepianowerebothplantedandgrown.Ifyoutoohavelearnedtohatesomething,rememberthatwithcommitment,itcanbeuprooted,andlovecanmakeahomeinitsplace.Thereisalwaystime.Thereisalwaysroom.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingaclassicstory?A.Thebenefitsofmusic.B.Kids’struggleinlearninginstruments.C.Kids’bittersweetchildhood.D.Thepopularityoflearninginstruments.5.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’sexperienceofplayingthepiano?A.Shefinallyquitformaltraining.B.Shenevertreateditasherhobby.C.Shewasinpurelovewithmusicandpiano.D.Sheonceexperiencedgreatpressurefromherself.6.Whathelpedtheauthorfindconfidence?A.Herattitude.B.Hertraining.C.Hercompromise.D.Herachievement.7.Whatmessageismainlydeliveredinthepassage?A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Loveisathingthatgrows.C.Contentisbetterthanriches.D.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】Z这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述自己在学习钢琴过程中的爱与恨以及自己 感悟。【4题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“It’saclassicstory:Akidisforcedtolearnaninstrumentfromayoungage,theyplayitthroughouttheirchildhood,andtheydevelopabittersweetrelationshipwithit.Istheconstantbattlebetweentheloveforthemusicandthehatefortheconstantchallengeworththefight?Forme,itwas.(这是一个经典的故事：一个孩子从小就被迫学习一种乐器，他们在整个童年时期都在演奏，并与之发展出苦乐参半的关系。对音乐的热爱和对不断挑战的憎恨之间不断的斗争值得吗？对我来说，是的。)”可知，文章讲故事是为了说明孩子们在学乐器方面的挣扎，然后引出介绍自己的情况。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“Ifeltpressuretobethebestinordertoprovesomethingtoothers-andmoredevastatingly(破坏性地)toprovesomethingtomyself.Theseedofmymusicalinterestwasgrowninthesunlightofcompetitionanddoubt.(为了向别人证明一些东西，我感受到了成为最好的人的压力——更具毁灭性的是，为了向自己证明一些东西。我对音乐的兴趣在竞争和怀疑的阳光下生长。)”可知，作者曾经经历了来自自己的巨大压力。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“Ilearnedpiecesformyself,Icomposedformyself,andIfoundconfidencenotbecauseIgot“goodenough,”butbecauseIlearnedthatanythingIhadwasgoodenough.(我为自己学习曲子，为自己作曲，我找到了自信，不是因为我“足够好”，而是因为我知道我所拥有的一切都足够好。)”可知，作者找到自信地原因是自己态度的转变，对一切的重新认识。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“It’sdifficulttolearntolovesomethingthatdidn’toriginatefromlove.(很难学会去爱一些不是源于爱的东西。)”以及文章最后一段“TheloveandhateI’vehadforthepianowerebothplantedandgrown.Ifyoutoohavelearnedtohatesomething,rememberthatwithcommitment,itcanbeuprooted,andlovecanmakeahomeinitsplace.Thereisalwaystime.Thereisalwaysroom.(我对钢琴的爱和恨都是种下的，也是成长的。如果你也学会了憎恨某件事，请记住，有了承诺，它可以被连根拔起，爱可以在它的地方建立一个家。时间总是有的。空间也总是有的。)”以及上下文可知，文章通过自己练钢琴的经历领悟到：对东西的爱是可以逐渐培养形成的，所以B项Loveisathingthatgrows(爱是一种成长的东西)符合文意。故选B项。CAroundtheglobefarmorebirdspeciesarelosinggroundthangaining,accordingtoanexpansivereviewofahalf-centuryofbirdpopulationresearchpublishedinthejournalAnnual ReviewofEnvironmentandResourcesinMay.Thereview,entitledTheStateoftheWorld’sBirds,showedthatmorethan5,200differentspeciesofbirds-justshyofhalftheworld’stotal-areknownorsuspectedtobedeclining.Around3,800speciesarerelativelystable,andfewerthan700speciesshowincreases.AmongbirdsontheIUCNRedListofThreatenedSpecies,almost400birdsworldwidehavehadtheirconservationstatuschangedfortheworseinthepastthreedecades(movingfromvulnerabletothreatened,orthreatenedtoendangered)—fivetimesmorethanthenumberofbirdspecieswithanIUCNstatusthathaschangedforthebetter.“Afterdocumentingthelossofnearly3billionbirdsinNorthAmericaalone(accordingtoa2019studypublishedinthejournalScience),itwasdisturbingtoseethesamepatternsofpopulationdeclinesandextinctionoccurringglobally,”saysreviewcoauthorKenRosenberg,aconservationscientistnowretiredfromtheCormellLabofOmithology.Thereviewpointstodisappearinganddegradedhabitat-resultingfromclimatechange,urbanization,agriculturalintensification,andinternationaltrade-astheleadingdriverofbirddeclinesworldwide.Inanoteofhope,theauthorscitea2020studyindicatingthatrestoringjust5%ofhabitatinpriorityareasaroundtheworldcouldavert60%oflikelyextinctions.LeadauthorAlexanderLees,aresearchassociateattheCormellLab,alsopointstotheneedforsubstantialchangesinhumanbehaviortopreventfurtherlosses.“Lossanddegradationofhabitatisoftendrivenbydemandforresources,”saysLees.“Weneedtobetterconsiderhowcommodityflowssuchasbeef,oil,andseedcropscancontributetobiodiversitylossandtrytoreducethehumanfootprintonthenaturalworld.”8.InwhatorderarethreatenedspeciesarrangedontheIUCN’sRedList?A.Speciesquantity.B.Livinghabitat.C.Decliningrate.D.Conservationstatus.9.HowdoesKenRosenbergfeelwhensayingthewords?A.Hopeful.B.Relieved.C.Doubtful.D.Concerned.10.Whatdoestheunderlined“avert”meaninparagraph4?A.Prevent.B.Increase.C.Cause.D.Face.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Extrareasonsforbirdextinction.B.Possiblesolutionstohabitatloss.C.Substantialchangesinhumanbehavior.D.Theprospectofbiodiversityloss.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了今年5月发表在《环境与资源年度评论》杂志上的一篇对半个世纪鸟类种群研究的综述称，在全球范围内，失去的鸟类物种远远多于增加的鸟类物种。这篇题为《世界鸟类状况》的综述显示，超过5200种不同的鸟类——略少于世界鸟类总数的一半——已知或怀疑正在减少。文章主要对鸟类保护展开了说明。 【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AmongbirdsontheIUCNRedListofThreatenedSpecies,almost400birdsworldwidehavehadtheirconservationstatuschangedfortheworseinthepastthreedecades(movingfromvulnerabletothreatened,orthreatenedtoendangered)—fivetimesmorethanthenumberofbirdspecieswithanIUCNstatusthathaschangedforthebetter.(在世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录上的鸟类中，全球有近400种鸟类的保护状况在过去30年里发生了恶化（从易危到受威胁，或从受威胁到濒危）——这是国际自然保护联盟保护状况好转的鸟类数量的5倍多)”可知，世界自然保护联盟红色名录上的濒危物种是按保护状况排列的。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““Afterdocumentingthelossofnearly3billionbirdsinNorthAmericaalone(accordingtoa2019studypublishedinthejournalScience),itwasdisturbingtoseethesamepatternsofpopulationdeclinesandextinctionoccurringglobally,”saysreviewcoauthorKenRosenberg,aconservationscientistnowretiredfromtheCormellLabofOmithology.(“根据2019年发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究，仅在记录了北美地区近30亿只鸟类的损失后，看到同样的数量下降和灭绝模式在全球发生，令人不安”该综述的合著者、现已从科梅尔鸟类学实验室退休的保护科学家肯·罗森伯格说)”可知，肯·罗森伯格说这句话感到担忧。故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Inanoteofhope,theauthorscitea2020studyindicatingthatrestoringjust5%ofhabitatinpriorityareasaroundtheworldcould”以及后文“60%oflikelyextinctions”可知，在一份充满希望的报告中，作者引用了2020年的一项研究，该研究表明，只要恢复世界各地重点地区5%的栖息地，就可以阻止60%的可能灭绝。故画线词意思是“阻止”。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“LeadauthorAlexanderLees,aresearchassociateattheCormellLab,alsopointstotheneedforsubstantialchangesinhumanbehaviortopreventfurtherlosses.“Lossanddegradationofhabitatisoftendrivenbydemandforresources,”saysLees.“Weneedtobetterconsiderhowcommodityflowssuchasbeef,oil,andseedcropscancontributetobiodiversitylossandtrytoreducethehumanfootprintonthenaturalworld.”(该研究的主要作者、科梅尔实验室的助理研究员亚历山大·李斯还指出，为了防止进一步的损失，人类行为需要发生实质性的改变。“栖息地的丧失和退化往往是由对资源的需求引起的，”李斯说。“我们需要更好地考虑牛肉、石油和种子作物等商品流动是如何导致生物多样性丧失的，并努力减少人类对自然界的足迹。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是栖息地丧失的可能解决办法。故选B。 DWhydosomemensettledowntoformfamilieswiththemothersoftheirchildren,andothersdon’t?Biologyplaysarole.WorkpublishedbyLeeGettleroftheUniversityofNotreDame,inIndiana,clarifieshowtestosterone,theprincipalmalehormone(荷尔蒙),operates.Previousstudiessuggestthathighlevelsoftestosteronearebadforfamilylife.Fatherswithlowertestosteronelevelsprovidemorechildcarewhilehigh-testosteronemalesarelesslikelytostickaround.Dr.Gettlerhasshownsomethingfurther.Thisisthataman’sadulttestosteronelevelseemscorrelatedwithwhetherhisfatherwaspresentduringhisteenageyears.HisdatacomefromasurveybeguninthePhilippinesin1983.Thismonitoredthehealthandnutritionof966menenrolledasbabies.Italsocollectedextensiveinformationonwhetherthefathersofthesemenwerearoundandprovidingparentalcareinthehouseholds.Itfurtherdocumentedwhetherparticipantsgotmarried,hadchildrenandwhethertheyparticipatedinchildcare.Crucially,italsomeasuredtheirtestosteronelevelsattheagesof21,26and30.Overall,Dr.Gettlerandhiscolleaguesfoundthatonbecomingfathers,menhadlowertestosteronelevelsiftheirownfathershadbeeninvolvedintheircareduringtheirteenageyears.Ithastwopossibleexplanations.Oneisthatitisdirectlygenetic(基因的).Theotheristhatteenageexperienceactuallymodulates(调节)testosteronelevels.Thisexplanation,whichDr.Gettlerfavors,couldleadtohigh-testosteronemenabandoningtheirsons,whothusbecomehigh-testosteroneintheirturn.Healsofoundsomeofthoseinthesurveywhosefatherswereabsentduringtheiradolescence,andwhoendedupwithhighlevelsofthehormone,didbecomecaringfathers.Whythispatternshouldexistisanunansweredquestion.Butazoologistlookingatthesedatamighttakeitasanexampleofdevelopmentalplasticity(可塑性),inwhichthesamegenesproducedifferent,butappropriate,outcomesindifferentcircumstances.Dr.Gettler’sdiscoverythrowsausefullightontheproblemoffatherlessfamilies,andhowtotrytoendit.12.WhatisGettler’sstudymainlyabout?A.Familylife.B.Fathers’roles.C.Adulttestosterone.D.Childcare.13.WhatcanbelearntaboutDr.Gettler’sstudy?A.Itwasconductedamongbabies.B.Thefindingisfarfromsatisfactory.C.Thedatausedwererelativelyreliable.D.Itmonitoredthenutritionofparticipants.14.Whyisthezoologistmentionedinthepassage?A.Tosuggestafollow-upstudy.B.TocontradictGettler’sideas.C.Topointoutthestudylimitations. D.Togiveapossibleexplanation.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LikeFather,LikeSon?B.CaringFather,HappySon?C.GoodFather,GoodSonD.LoveMe,LoveMySon【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述印第安纳州圣母大学的李·盖特勒（LeeGettler）发表的研究阐明了一个男人的成年睾酮水平似乎与他父亲在青少年时期是否在场有关。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Whydosomemensettledowntoformfamilieswiththemothersoftheirchildren,andothersdon’t?Biologyplaysarole.WorkpublishedbyLeeGettleroftheUniversityofNotreDame,inIndiana,clarifieshowtestosterone,theprincipalmalehormone(荷尔蒙),operates.(为什么有些男人会安顿下来与孩子的母亲组建家庭，而其他人却没有？生物学起了作用。印第安纳州圣母大学的李·盖特勒发表的研究阐明了男性主要荷尔蒙睾酮是如何运作的)”以及第二段“Dr.Gettlerhasshownsomethingfurther.Thisisthataman’sadulttestosteronelevelseemscorrelatedwithwhetherhisfatherwaspresentduringhisteenageyears.(Gettler博士展示了更进一步的东西。这意味着，一个男人的成年睾酮水平似乎与他父亲在青少年时期是否在场有关)”可知，Gettler主要研究的是成年睾酮水平。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段“HisdatacomefromasurveybeguninthePhilippinesin1983.Thismonitoredthehealthandnutritionof966menenrolledasbabies.Italsocollectedextensiveinformationonwhetherthefathersofthesemenwerearoundandprovidingparentalcareinthehouseholds.Itfurtherdocumentedwhetherparticipantsgotmarried,hadchildrenandwhethertheyparticipatedinchildcare.Crucially,italsomeasuredtheirtestosteronelevelsattheagesof21,26and30.(他的数据来自于1983年在菲律宾开始的一项调查。这项调查监测了966名婴儿期男性的健康和营养状况。它还收集了关于这些男子的父亲是否在身边以及在家庭中提供父母照顾的广泛信息。它进一步记录了参与者是否结婚、生子以及是否参与儿童保育。至关重要的是，它还测量了他们在21岁、26岁和30岁时的睾酮水平)”可知，Gettler研究所用的数据是相对可靠的。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“Whythispatternshouldexistisanunansweredquestion.Butazoologistlookingatthesedatamighttakeitasanexampleofdevelopmentalplasticity(可塑性), inwhichthesamegenesproducedifferent,butappropriate,outcomesindifferentcircumstances.(为什么这种模式应该存在是一个尚未回答的问题。但一位研究这些数据的动物学家可能会将其作为发育可塑性的一个例子，其中相同的基因在不同的情况下产生不同但合适的结果)”可知，作者提到动物学家是为了给前面的问题提供一种解释。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Dr.Gettlerhasshownsomethingfurther.Thisisthataman’sadulttestosteronelevelseemscorrelatedwithwhetherhisfatherwaspresentduringhisteenageyears.(Gettler博士展示了更进一步的东西。这意味着，一个男人的成年睾酮水平似乎与他父亲在青少年时期是否在场有关)”和第四段“Overall,Dr.Gettlerandhiscolleaguesfoundthatonbecomingfathers,menhadlowertestosteronelevelsiftheirownfathershadbeeninvolvedintheircareduringtheirteenageyears.(总的来说，盖特勒博士和他的同事发现，当父亲时，如果自己的父亲在青少年时期参与了他们的照顾，男性的睾酮水平会更低)”以及上下文可知，文章主要讲父亲睾酮水平和儿子的睾酮水平的关系。由此可知，A项LikeFather,LikeSon?(有其父必有其子？)适合作本文标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Emotionalpainispartoflife.___16___Whetherthepainisassociatedwithloss,failure,ordisappointment,youmustdevelopastrategytolessenandmanagethestruggle.Bytakingactionyouwilllearntocopewithemotionalpain.Seekhelpfromthoseclosetoyou.Askingforhelpcanbeawkward.However,ifyouletsomeoneknowthatyouaretryingtomakespecificchangesinyourlife,itwillincreasethelikelihoodofyoursuccess.___17___Itisimportantforyoutoletothersknowwhatyouaretryingtoachieve.___18___Sittingaroundmissingsomeonewillonlymakeyoufeelworse.Sometimesyouneedtooccupyyourselfwithnew,moreinterestingthingstodo.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutlearningtoplayamusicalinstrumentorbecomingamastergardener?Nowmightbeyourtime.Volunteeryourtimetoacause.Onewayofcopingwithemotionalpainistovolunteeryourtime,resources,orexpertisetoaworthycauseorindividual.Volunteeringwillhelpyoudevelopnewskills,andbeginorstrengthenyourconnectionwithyourcommunity.Itcanalsoprovideaboosttoyourself-esteemandpersonaldevelopment.___19___Makeaplantobuildcopingskills.Followingaproblem-solvingmodelwillgiveyouastructureforcreatingchange.Youmustdetermineclearobjectives,carrythemout,makeadjustmentsasneededandmonitoryourprogress.___20___Youcanlessenyourstrictadherence(遵守)tothestepsofyourplanandmaintainpositiveoutcomes. A.Focusonthepositive.B.Youwillfeela“giver’shigh”.C.Fillyourschedulewithnewagendaitems.D.Knowingthatdoesn’tseemtomakeitanyeasier.E.Emotionalpain,however,cantakemuchlongertowearoff.F.Yournewbehaviorswillbuildovertimeandbecomesecondnaturetoyou.G.Astrongsupportnetworkcanhelpyoucopewithyourpainmoreeffectively.【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何应对情绪上的痛苦。【16题详解】空前说“Emotionalpainispartoflife.(情感上的痛苦是生活的一部分。)”，空后说“Whetherthepainisassociatedwithloss,failure,ordisappointment,youmustdevelopastrategytolessenandmanagethestruggle.(无论痛苦是与失去、失败或失望有关，你必须制定一种策略来减少和管理这种挣扎。)”，因此光是知道痛苦的存在是不够的，还要找方法来克服这个问题，D选项“Knowingthatdoesn’tseemtomakeitanyeasier.(知道这一点似乎并没有让事情变得更容易。)”说明了还需要想办法解决痛苦，故选D。【17题详解】本段的主题句是“Seekhelpfromthoseclosetoyou.(向你亲近的人寻求帮助。)”，因此本段是关于寻求帮助的，G选项“Astrongsupportnetworkcanhelpyoucopewithyourpainmoreeffectively.(一个强大的支持网络可以帮助你更有效地应对你的痛苦。)”说明寻求他人支持和帮助的好处，因此符合本段语境，故选G。【18题详解】空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“Sittingaroundmissingsomeonewillonlymakeyoufeelworse.Sometimesyouneedtooccupyyourselfwithnew,moreinterestingthingstodo.(坐在那里想念一个人只会让你感觉更糟。有时你需要做一些新的、更有趣的事情。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要找一些新的事情来做，C选项“Fillyourschedulewithnewagendaitems.(用新的议程项目填满你的日程表。)”说明了找新的事情来每天进行，因此C选项概括本段内容，可作为主题句，故选C。【19题详解】空前说“Volunteeringwillhelpyoudevelopnewskills,andbeginorstrengthenyourconnectionwithyourcommunity.Itcanalsoprovideaboosttoyourself-esteemandpersonaldevelopment.(志愿服务将帮助你培养新的技能，并开始或加强你与社区的联系。它还能促进你的自尊和个人发展。)”，B选项“Youwillfeela“giver’shigh”.(你会感到“给予者的快感”。)”中的“给予者”也就是空前所说的做志愿者，且说明了做志愿服务能带来的好 处，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】空前说“Youmustdetermineclearobjectives,carrythemout,makeadjustmentsasneededandmonitoryourprogress.(你必须确定明确的目标，执行它们，根据需要做出调整，监督你的进展。)”，空后说“Youcanlessenyourstrictadherence(遵守)tothestepsofyourplanandmaintainpositiveoutcomes.(你可以减少对计划步骤的严格遵守，并保持积极的结果。)”，说明要适应新的行为，不需要坚持之前的计划不变，F选项“Yournewbehaviorswillbuildovertimeandbecomesecondnaturetoyou.(随着时间的推移，你的新行为会逐渐形成，并成为你的第二天性。)”说明了新行为是完全可以适应的，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIgotmyfirstsmartphone,Ilovedit.Itgavemeinstant___21___tomymusic,thousandsofphotosandvideosanda(n)___22___ofinformation.Butovertime,myfeelingsbecamecontroversial.Iwouldrepeatedly___23___myemail,shoponlineforstuffIdidn’tneedand___24___clickonlinkstowebsites.I’doften___25___tomyhusbandandtomyseven-year-oldson,Louis,thatIfelttrappedbyit.SoIbegantoresearchstudiesonthementalhealtheffectsofsmartphoneuse.I___26___thatsmartphonesarelinkedwithanxiety,depressionandpoorsleepquality.Unsurprisingly,theyalsoimpactyourabilityto___27___andtoremaininthepresentmomentwithyourkids.___28___,onedaylastsummer,whileIwasplayingwithLouis,Iwasonceagaindistracted(分心)bydingsandpings.Hefinallyrelatedtomycomplaintsaboutmysmartphone:“Mommy,just___29___,please!”Idecidedtotry.Insteadofgoingcoldturkey—no___30___atall—Iboughtaflipphone(翻盖手机)andcellplanfor$30amonth.Withnotouchscreen,textingis___31___.Ican’taccessemail,musicorsocialmediaanddon’teventrybrowsingthewebwithoutatouchscreen.Whiletheadjustmenthasn’talwaysbeensmoothsailing,it’s___32___thanIthoughtitwouldbeandthebenefitsareworthit.NowwhenI’mplayingwithmyson,Icanseethepositiveeffect___33___hissmiles.Andafterhe’sgonetobed,insteadoffixingmyeyesonthe___34___,Ilightcandles,grababookand___35___theatmosphereoftheroomI’min.21.A.solutionB.responseC.accessD.reaction22.A.worldB.formC.exchangeD.piece23.A.receiveB.writeC.answerD.refresh24.A.skillfullyB.occasionallyC.hurriedlyD. constantly25.A.talkB.complainC.proveD.return26.A.predictedB.discoveredC.consideredD.claimed27.A.emailB.replyC.smileD.parent28.A.HenceB.HoweverC.ThenD.Still29.A.takeitbackB.giveitupC.breakitdownD.sortitout30.A.chargeB.moneyC.cellphoneD.plan31.A.heart-breakingB.time-consumingC.eye-openingD.energy-saving32.A.easierB.coolerC.stricterD.longer33.A.inB.ofC.onD.with34.A.faceB.bedC.screenD.book35.A.createB.lightenC.changeD.enjoy【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.D25.B26.B27.D28.C29.B30.C31.B32.A33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者发现自己沉迷于手机，于是调整适用翻盖手机，最终作者适应了没有智能手机的生活，开始和家人专心相处。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A.solution解决方案；B.response回答；C.access入口；D.reaction反应。根据后文“tomymusic,thousandsofphotosandvideos”指可以访问音乐、照片和视频，应用accessto。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A.world世界；B.form表格；C.exchange交换；D.piece片。根据后文“ofinformation”可知手机让作者可以进入一个信息的世界。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A.receive收到；B.write写；C.answer回答；D.refresh使恢复精神，刷新。根据后文“myemail,shoponlineforstuffIdidn’tneed”指反复刷新电子邮件，故选D。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A.skillfully巧妙地；B.occasionally偶尔；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D. constantly不断地。根据后文“clickonlinkstowebsites”可知此处是在说明手机带来的问题，让作者反复刷新电子邮件、在网上购买不需要的东西以及不断点击网站链接。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常向我的丈夫和我7岁的儿子路易斯抱怨，我觉得自己被它困住了。A.talk谈话；B.complain抱怨；C.prove证明；D.return返回。根据后文“thatIfelttrappedbyit”可知作者在抱怨被手机困住了。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。A.predicted预测；B.discovered发现；C.considered考虑；D.claimed声称。根据后文“thatsmartphonesarelinkedwithanxiety,depressionandpoorsleepquality”可知，作者发现了智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，它们也会影响你为人父母的能力，影响你和孩子呆在当下的能力。A.email邮件；B.reply回答；C.smile微笑；D.parent父亲（或母亲），为人父母。根据后文“remaininthepresentmomentwithyourkids”可知手机影响了为人父母的能力，故选D。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，去年夏天的一天，当我和路易斯玩的时候，我又一次被叮叮叮的声音分散了注意力。A.Hence因此；B.However然而；C.Then然后；D.Still仍然。作者和儿子玩耍是之后发生的事情，then符合语境。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他最后谈到了我对智能手机的抱怨：“妈妈，拜托你放弃使用手机吧!”A.takeitback拿回来；B.giveitup放弃；C.breakitdown出故障；D.sortitout分类。上文提到作者被手机分散了注意力，所以儿子这里表示让作者放弃使用手机。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。A.charge电量；B.money钱；C.cellphone手机；D.plan计划。根据后文“Iboughtaflipphoneandcellplanfor$30amonth”可知，作者没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于没有触摸屏，发短信非常耗时。A.heart-breaking令人心碎的；B.time-consuming耗时的；C.eye-opening大开眼界的；D.energy-saving节省能源的。 根据上文“Withnotouchscreen”可知，用翻盖手机发短信非常耗时。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比我想象要容易得多，而且好处是值得的。A.easier更容易的；B.cooler更凉爽的；C.stricter更严格的；D.longer更长的。上文“Whiletheadjustmenthasn’talwaysbeensmoothsailing”中while引导让步状语从句，说明虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比想象的要容易得多，故选A。【33题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在当我和儿子一起玩的时候，我能从他的微笑中看到积极的影响。A.in在里面；B.of属于；C.on在上面；D.with和。根据后文“hissmiles”指在微笑中看到积极的影响，应用介词in。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A.face脸；B.bed床；C.screen屏幕；D.book书籍。根据上文“Andafterhe’sgonetobed,insteadoffixingmyeyesonthe”以及作者适应了不适用智能机，所以不再盯着屏幕。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A.create创造；B.lighten点亮；C.change改变；D.enjoy享受。根据后文“theatmosphereoftheroomI’min”指享受房间的氛围，应用enjoy。故选D。第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthefaceofachangingclimateandanever-growingpopulation,strengtheningtheworld’sfuturefoodsecurityhasneverbeenmoreimportant.That’swhereseedbankscomein,andtheirgoalis___36___(preserve)asmanyplantspeciesaspossible.TheSvalbardGlobalSeedVaultinNorwayistheso-called“mothership”ofseedbanksandstoresback-upsofmorethanonemillionplant___37___(sample).Scientistshavecross-bred(杂交)certainseedstoproducebeansandpotatoesthatare___38___(rich)invitamins,zincandironthanstandardvarieties.These___39___(improve)varietieshavebeensenttoAfricaandelsewhereinLatinAmerica,___40___benefitsforpublichealth.Butseedbankersstillneedtoworkfast.Accordingto___41___UNFoodandAgricultureOrganization,75%ofglobalcropspecies___42___(lose)overthepastcentury.Atthesametime,about40%oftheworld’splantspeciesareatriskofextinction,___43___mostoftheworld’sfoodcomesfromjustahandfulofplantandanimalspecies.Thoughtherearemorethan7,000plantspeciesontheplanet,justthree——rice,maizeandwheat——___44___(be)thestaplefoodofoverhalftheworld’spopulation.That is____45____seedbanksaresoimportant.【答案】36.topreserve37.samples38.richer39.improved40with41.the42.hasbeenlost43.and44.are45.why【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了面对不断变化的气候和不断增长的人口，加强世界未来的粮食安全从未像现在这样重要。这就是种子银行的作用，它们的目标是保存尽可能多的植物物种。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是种子银行的作用，它们的目标是保存尽可能多的植物物种。说明主语的内容，用不定式作表语。故填topreserve。【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：该种子库坐落于寒冷的斯瓦尔巴群岛的一处山脚下，储存着超过100万份植物样本。sample为可数名词，由morethanonemillion修饰应用复数形式。故填samples。38题详解】考查比较级。句意：科学家对部分特定的种子进行了杂交和增压，以产出比普通品种富含更多锌、铁和维生素的优质豆类和木薯类品种。根据“than”可知，此处表示“更富含”应用比较级。故填richer。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：这些改良品种已被送往非洲和拉丁美洲其他地区投产，将造福当地的公众健康。修饰后文名词varieties应用形容词improved，作定语。故填improved。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：这些改良品种已被送往非洲和拉丁美洲其他地区投产，将造福当地的公众健康。后跟名词作宾语，表示“带有”应用介词with。故填with。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：根据联合国粮农组织的数据，在过去的一个世纪中，随着农户转向种植单一基因的高产作物，导致全球作物多样性损失了75%。为专有名词，前面需用定冠词。故填the。【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：根据联合国粮农组织的数据，在过去的一个世纪中，随着农户转向种植单一基因的高产作物，导致全球作物多样性损失了75%。此处作表语，应用belost，再根据后文overthepastcentury可知为现在完成时，主语为75%ofglobalcropspecies，助动词用has。故填hasbeenlost。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：与此同时，全球大约40%的作物有灭绝的风险，目前人类的食物仅来自寥寥数种植物和动物品种。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。【44题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：尽管地球上有7000多种可食用植物，但区区三种——玉米、水稻和小麦，就提供了全球一半以上人口的主食。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为justthree，谓语用复数。故填are。【45题详解】考查固定句型。句意：这就是为什么种子银行如此重要。表示“这就是为什么……”句型为Thatiswhy…。故填why。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(分15分)46.假定你是李华，即将参加学校举行的英语演讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：1.菜品介绍：2.制作过程。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右：2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DumplingisatraditionalChinesefood.OnthelunarNewYear’sday,mostfamiliesmakealotofdeliciousdumplings.It’saneasyprocesstomakethem.Thefirststepistomixtheflourwithwaterandmakewrappers.Whenthewrappersaredone,it’stimetopreparethefilling.Usuallyweusemeatandsomevegetablesforfilling.Whenallthesepreparationsaredone,wecanstartmakingdumplings.Firstputaspoonfuloffillinginthecenterofthewrapper.Thenstickthetwooppositesidestogetherandthentherest.Thesmellcanmakeyourmouthwater. 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作，现要求考生就介绍一道中国美食而写一篇演讲稿。其内容包括菜品介绍和制作过程。【详解】1.词汇积累很多：alotof→plentyof美味的：delicious→luscious通常地：usually→commonly首先：first→tobeginwith2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：OnthelunarNewYear’sday,mostfamiliesmakealotofdeliciousdumplings.It’saneasyprocesstomakethem.拓展句：OnthelunarNewYear’sday,mostfamiliesmakealotofdeliciousdumplings,whichisaneasyprocesstomakethem.【点睛】【高分句型1】It’saneasyprocesstomakethem.(运用it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语)【高分句型2】Whenthewrappersaredone,it’stimetopreparethefilling.(运用when引导的时间状语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。I’msmallerthaneveryoneelsemyage.WhenIwalkinthehallsatschool,Ihavetosqueezeinbetweenthebiggerkidstogetby.Attheplayground,sometimesevenlittlekidstrytobossmearound.Mia,mybestfriend,issotallthatwhenshewalks,Ihavetojogtokeepupwithher.IusedtotrytomakemyselftallerwheneverIcould.Myposturewasperfect,straightasanarrow.Ihungfromthetreeinourbackyardtostretchoutmyarmsandlegs.Ievenateallmyvegetables.EverydayImeasuredmyself,butIwasthesameheighteverytime.Frustrating!“Don’tworry,”Momalwayssaid.“Beingsmallhasitsadvantages.”“Really?Icouldnevernoticeany.”Oneday,Mrs.Alvarezannouncedtotheclassthatwe’dbeputtingonaspringplay.Ipracticedallthelines.Butattheaudition(试演),whenIwalkeduptothestage,Mrs.Alvarezcried,“You’llbeperfectastheelf(小精灵)!You’rejusttherightsizeforthecostume.”Ievennevergotachancetodeliverthepracticedlines.BackhomeIgrumbled(咕哝)tomumthatIwasmadeanelf.ButshebetIwouldbethebestelf.Topleaseher,Iwenttorehearsals(排练),thoughIonlyhadtwolines.Miagottheleadrole-agirlwanderingthroughamagicalfairyforestinsearchofherlostdog. Inthelastscene,shefindsaboxunderagiantmushroom,andwhensheopensit,herdogjumpsout.Mrs.Alvarez’sdog,Prince,playedthedogrole.Shebroughthimtoalltherehearsals,andwhenhewasn’tonstage,wegottoplaywithhim,butheseemedtolikemebest.Thenightoftheshow,myfirstlinecameearly,“Let’sasktheFairyQueen!”Sincemyonlyotherlinewastowardtheend,Iwaitedoffstage,playingwithPrince.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Finally,thegrandendcame,andPrincewasbroughtonstageinsidethebox._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“HowcanwegetPrinceoutfrombeneaththestage?”Mrs.Alvarezasked._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Finally,thegrandendcame,andPrincewasbroughtonstageinsidethebox.Hewasmeekandcooperatedwellwiththeactorsonstage.Hejumpedoutasitwasplannedintheplot.Hejumpedintothegiantmushroom,whichfelloveraccidentally.EveryonepresenttherewereshockedbythesceneandwereworriedthatPrincemightgothurt.Inapanic,Princeleapedoffthestageanddisappearedunderneathit.Mrs.Alvarezcalledhim,buthewhimperedandwouldn’tcomeout.“HowcanwegetPrinceoutfrombeneaththestage?”Mrs.Alvarezasked.“I’msmallenoughtogethim.”Isaid.IcrawledunderthestagethroughthedustandthecobwebsuntilIreachedhim.Princelickedmyface.Whenwecameout,theaudienceclappedandcheered.Inface,wegotmoreapplausethanthestarsattheendoftheshow.MyparentswereproudandsowasI.Afterthat,Istoppedworryingsomuchaboutmysize.Infact,Idecidedthatmomwasrightandbeingsmallhasitsperks.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者比同龄人个子都小，而作者最好的朋友Mia很高，作者试了一些方法长高，但是都失败了，作者很沮丧，作者的妈妈安慰作者说个子小有个子小的好处，在春季话剧上，作者获得了一个精灵的角色，起初作者抱怨，妈妈鼓励了作者，在最后一幕中狗Prince要从一个箱子里跳出来，作者和那只狗玩儿得很高兴。 【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“最后，盛大结尾来了，Prince被带到舞台上的箱子里。”可知，第一段可描写Prince表演的时候所发生的事情。②由第二段首句内容““我们怎样才能把Prince从舞台下面弄出来呢？”Alvarez太太问。”可知，第二段可描写作者是如何把Prince弄出来的以及观众的反应。2.续写线索：Prince跳出来——蘑菇倒了——Prince跑到舞台下不出来——作者爬到舞台底下把Prince弄出来——观众鼓掌——作者感悟3.词汇激活行为类①从……跳下：leapoff/jumpoff②爬：crawl/creep③鼓掌：clap/applaud情绪类①惊讶：beshocked/besurprised②担心：beworried/beconcerned【点睛】[高分句型1]Hejumpedintothegiantmushroom,whichfelloveraccidentally.(由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Infact,Idecidedthatmomwasrightandbeingsmallhasitsperks.(由that引导的宾语从句)