浙江省金华十校2022-2023学年高三英语上学期11月模拟考试（一模）试卷（Word版附解析）

金华十校2022年11月高三模拟考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题共95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Studyforatest.B.Gooutforicecream.C.Celebrateabirthday.2.Howoldisthemannow?A.26.B.20.C.16.3.Whydidthewomanbuytheticketsfortheman?A.Theticketswerecheap.B.Themanlikedtheband.C.Theconcertwasfantastic.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Rentacar.B.StayinParislonger.C.Visitneighborhoods.5.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Askingfordirections.B.Practicingforatest.C.Tryingoutanewcar.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.Whatwilltheweatherbelike?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shegetssunburnedeasily.B.Sheneverputsonsuncream.CSheusestheumbrellainawrongway.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howlongcanmostredwoodtreeslive?A.200to300years.B.500to700years.C.Over2000years.9.Whatmakesredwoodtreesgrowsowell?A.Alotofsun.B.Acoldclimate.C.Agoodamountofrain.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whoistheman?A.Thewoman’steacher.B.Thewoman’sclassmate.C.Thewoman’sassistant.11.Whydofemalemosquitoesbite?A.Tospreaddiseases.B.Togetnutrition.C.Tosendoutachemical.12.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Mosquitoesaredirty.B.Scienceisabeautifulthing.C.Sciencecansometimesbeunpleasant.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman’ssecondbooktitled?A.Michael’sSunshine. B.Midnight.C.TheSnowTree.14.Whydoesthewomanwriteonthetopicofforgiveness?A.Italwaysinterestsher.B.It’sapopulartopic.C.Ittouchesreadersmost.15.Whatisthewomanworkingonrecently?A.Aresearchproject.B.Abookreview.C.Anewbook.16.Whatdidthewomanwanttobeatfirst?A.Awriter.B.Aninterviewer.C.Amoviemaker.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whathappenswhentherefrigeratordoorisshut?A.Thepowerturnsoff.B.Thenotesareupdated.C.Photosoffoodaretaken.18.Whatcantherefrigeratordo?A.Playmusic.B.Takenotes.C.Ordergroceriesbyitself.19.Howmighttherefrigeratorhelpusersmakehealthierchoices?A.Byrecordingtheireatinghabits.B.Bytrackingtheirexerciseactivities.C.Bytellingthemwhattoeatatcertaintimes.20.Whowillgetthebestuseoutoftherefrigerator?A.Singlepeople.B.Largefamilies.C.Couples.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALondon,withcountlessfamoussitesandallmanneroffood,drink,shopping,history,andculture,isdefinitelyawonderfulcitytovisit.TimeZoneGreenwichMeanTimeduringthewinter,BritishSummerTimeduringtherestoftheyear(startingatDaylightSavingTime).BestTimetoGoThebesttimetovisitLondonoverallisinspring,whenthetemperatureshavewarmedup,thesunhasstartedtoshineandLondon’sgardensandparksarelookingtheirbest.However,therealityisthatthebesttimetotraveltoLondondependsalotonwhatyou’relookingfor.Ifyou’reallabouttakingalookinsideQueenLiz’spalace,you’dbettermakeitinsummer,whilewinterisbeautifulandfestiveforthoselookingtogettheirfillofChristmasmarketsandtraditionalcheer.ThingstoKnowLondonersandEnglishpeopleingeneral,haveamuchdifferentmannerofinteractingwithoneanotherthanAmericansdowhileanAmericanmightthinknothingofsmilingatastrangertheypassonthesidewalkoraskingaboutworkinthefirstfewminutesofaconversation,Londonersmightconsideritimpoliteorstrange.Don’tmistakethisforunfriendliness;it’sjustaculturaldifference.Instead,talkaboutthingslikemovies,TVshows,books,yourtravels,andthelike,insteadofworkorfamily.HowtoGetAroundGettingaroundLondonisunbelievablyeasythankstothewell-maintainedandextensiveUnderground.TheUnderground,unlikeAmericantransportationsystemswhichoftenpayperrideorpayperlengthoftrip,arepaidinzones.Farealsovariesbasedontimeofdayandthemethodyouusetopay.It’sworthgettinganOystercardtomakeyourlifethatmuchsimpler.1.Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Asurvey.B.Atraveljournal.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Aguidebook.2.WhenisthebesttimetovisitLondonforpeoplewhoenjoyalivelyatmosphere? A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Autumn.D.Winter.3.WhichofthefollowingisasuitabletopicforstartingaconversationwithLondoners?A.Dailyentertainments.B.Futureplans.C.Personalrelationships.D.Annualincomes.【答案】1.D2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了游览伦敦的一些建议。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“London,withcountlessfamoussitesandallmanneroffood,drink,shopping,history,andculture,isdefinitelyawonderfulcitytovisit.(伦敦有无数的著名景点和各种各样的食物、饮料、购物、历史和文化，绝对是一个值得游览的好城市)”结合文章主要说明了游览伦敦的一些建议可推知，文章可能选自旅行指南。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ifyou’reallabouttakingalookinsideQueenLiz’spalace,you’dbettermakeitinsummer,whilewinterisbeautifulandfestiveforthoselookingtogettheirfillofChristmasmarketsandtraditionalcheer.(如果你想参观莉兹女王的宫殿，你最好在夏天去，而对于那些想在圣诞市场和传统欢乐中饱览一番的人来说，冬天是美丽而喜庆的)”可知，对于喜欢热闹气氛的人来说，游览伦敦的最佳时间是冬天。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Instead,talkaboutthingslikemovies,TVshows,books,yourtravels,andthelike,insteadofworkorfamily.(你可以谈论电影、电视剧、书籍、旅行之类的话题，而不是工作或家庭)”可知，日常娱乐主题适合和伦敦人开始对话。故选A。BWhenIwasinnursingschool,Ihadtofocusmoreonmystudiesthanotheraspectsoflife,andlearnsomuchinashortamountoftime.However,theclinicalexperienceofnursingschoolallowedmetohavetheopportunitytoputwhatIlearnedinmyclassesandreadingsintoaction.OneofmyfavoriteexperiencesduringmyclinicaltrainingwaswhenIhadapatientwhowasfirststartingchemotherapy(化疗).MynursinginstructorMarietoldmethatpatientsoftenexperienceananaphylactic(过敏性的)reactiontothemedicinewhentheyfirststartchemotherapy,soitisimportanttogivethemedicineataslowerrate.Mariesaidthatifwehadapatientwhoreactedtothe medicine,weshouldstoprunningthechemotherapy,checkthepatient’sbloodpressure,andthengivetheappropriatemedicinefromtheemergencykit.WhenIcheckedmypatientacoupleofminutesafterstartinghischemotherapy,Iaskedhimquestionsrelatedtoananaphylacticreaction.Ialsonoticedhisfacewasgettingalittleredandhelookedshortofbreath.Hementionedhavinglowerbackpain,soIimmediatelystoppedthechemotherapy,startedtakinghisbloodpressure,andreportedittoMarie.Hisbloodpressurewaswithinhisnormallimits,sowegavehimBenadrylviahisIV.TheBenadrylhelpedthepatient,andwehadtheBenadrylrunningwhenwestartedhischemotherapyagain,butataslowerrate.Thistimethepatientdidnothaveananaphylacticreaction,andtoleratedhischemotherapywell.Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimportantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereactionthepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.MarieandItaughtourpatientaboutthereactionshecouldhaveduetothechemotherapy;duetoourteaching,ourpatientrecognizedhissymptomsandwasabletoknowthatwhathewasexperiencingwasanexpectedreaction.Duringtheclinicaltraining,IhadmanyexperienceswhereIhadtothinkonmyfeetandconductnursingcarequickly.Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.4.Whydidtheauthorstopgivingthepatientchemotherapy?A.Hehadhighbloodpressure.B.Hehadareactiontothemedicine.C.Hefailedtotoleratethebackpain.D.Herefusedtoanswerherquestions.5.Accordingtotheauthorwhatplayedakeyroleinsavingthepatient?A.Givingthepatientimmediatefirstaid.B.Makingadequatepreparationsinadvance.C.Assessingtheeffectivenessofthemedicine.D.Tellingthepatientthepossiblereactionsofthemedicine.6.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthor’sclinicalexperience?A.Rewarding.B.Dangerous.C.Interesting.D.Painful. 7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexpressgratitudetoherinstructor.B.Toencourageotherstotakeupnursing.C.Toshareherclinicaltrainingexperience.DTostresstheimportanceofmedicaltreatment.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要分享了她的临床培训经验以及收获。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Mariesaidthatifwehadapatientwhoreactedtothemedicine,weshouldstoprunningthechemotherapy,checkthepatient’sbloodpressure,andthengivetheappropriatemedicinefromtheemergencykit.(玛丽说，如果有病人对药物有反应，我们应该停止化疗，检查病人的血压，然后从急救箱里拿出适当的药物)”可知，因为病人有病人对药物有反应，所以作者停止化疗。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimportantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereactionthepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.(这段经历让我明白，评估你的病人，事先告诉你的病人药物可能引起的反应是多么重要)”可知，告诉病人药物可能产生的反应对救病人起了关键作用。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.(这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”可知，作者的临床经验是值得的，有意义的。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimportantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereactionthepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.((这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”以及“Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.(这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人 的重要性)”可知，作者写本篇文章的目的是分享她的临床培训经验。故选C。CWhilethoseineducationunderstandthecurrentstateofthenation’sliteracy(读写能力)crisis,mosteverydayAmericansaredangerouslyunaware.AccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofEducation,nearly130millionAmericanadultsreadbelowasixth-gradelevel.Now,considerhowthatnumberrepresentsmorethanhalftheadultU.S.population.That’snotsurprising,accordingtothemostrecent“Nation’sReportCard”bytheNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgress(NAEP).TheNAEPreportsthatroughlyjustone-thirdofstudentsinfourth,eighthand12thgradesareproficient(精通)inreadingandhave“solidacademicperformanceanddemonstratedcompetencyoverchallengingsubjectmatter.”Infact,thisU.S.readingcrisishasbeen20yearsinthemaking.Whileone-thirdofstudentsareconsideredproficient,thestatisticsareevenmorealarmingforlow-incomestudents,studentsofcolorandstudentswithdisabilities.Meanwhile,theCOVID-19pandemic(流行病)hasexposedagrowing“digitaldivide”inwhichthosewithoutaccesstosupportivelearningprogramsandteacherswillcontinuetoslidethroughthecracks.Thisistroublingformanyreasons.Literacycanbeagreatequalizer,levelingtheplayingfieldacrosssystemicsocialissues,likeraceandgenderinequality.Itplaysanenormousroleinincreasingaccesstoeconomicopportunity.ItisestimatedthatincreasingliteracyproficiencyhasthepotentialtogeneratealotmoreinannualincomefortheUnitedStates.Andontheindividuallevel,illiteracycanimpactaperson’slifetimeearningpotentialby30-42%.Still,thebenefitsofliteracygofarbeyondsomeone’searningability.Literacysupportssocial,physicalandemotionalwell-being,anditaffectseverythingfromcrimeratestohospitaladmissionstoself-confidence.Butchallengingastheliteracylandscapemayseemrightnow,thereiscauseforoptimism.Andthestrategyforliteracyissimple.8.WhatdoweknowaboutAmerica’sliteracycrisis?A.Itdatesbackabouttwodecades. B.ItiswellunderstoodbymostAmericans.C.ItinvolveshalfoftheAmericanpopulation.D.Itismainlycausedbythegrowingdigitaldivide.9.Whydoestheauthormentionthreespecificgroupsofstudentsinparagraph4?A.Toattractpublicattentiontothesestudents.B.ToshowtheseriousnessofliteracycrisisinAmerica.C.TostresstheinequalityintheAmericaneducationsystem.D.TopraisethehighreadingproficiencylevelofAmericanstudents.10.Whatisapossibleresultofimprovedliteracyontheindividuallevel?A.Highercrimerates.B.Increasedself-confidence.C.Strongerdesireforwealth.D.Equallearningopportunities.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoliteracyinAmerica?A.Tolerant.B.Ambiguous.C.Doubtful.D.Hopeful.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了近1.3亿美国成年人的阅读水平低于六年级，文盲危机涉及一半的美国人口，美国的扫盲状况目前看起来很有挑战性，我们还是有理由感到乐观的，因为提高读写能力的方法很简单。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whilethoseineducationunderstandthecurrentstateofthenation’sliteracy(读写能力)crisis,mosteverydayAmericansaredangerouslyunaware.(虽然从事教育的人了解美国识字率危机的现状，但大多数普通美国人却危险地不知道)”以及文章第四段“Infact,thisU.S.readingcrisishasbeen20yearsinthemaking.(事实上，这场美国阅读危机已经酝酿了20年)”可知，美国人的阅读危机可以追溯到大约20年前。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Infact,thisU.S.readingcrisishasbeen20yearsinthemaking.Whileone-thirdofstudentsareconsideredproficient,thestatisticsareevenmorealarmingforlow-incomestudents,studentsofcolorandstudentswithdisabilities.(事实上，这场美国阅读危机已经酝酿了20年。虽然三分之一的学生被认为是优秀的，但对于低收入家庭的学生、有色人种的学生和残疾学生来说，统计数据更令人担忧)”可知，对于低收入家庭的学生、有色人种的 学生和残疾学生来说，阅读这方面的问题是更加的严重的。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第七段“ItisestimatedthatincreasingliteracyproficiencyhasthepotentialtogeneratealotmoreinannualincomefortheUnitedStates.Andontheindividuallevel,illiteracycanimpactaperson’slifetimeearningpotentialby30-42%(据估计，提高读写能力有可能为美国带来更多的年收入。在个人层面上，文盲会对一个人一生的收入潜力造成30-42%的影响)”可知，提高读写能力有助于人们追求更多的财富。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Butchallengingastheliteracylandscapemayseemrightnow,thereiscauseforoptimism.Andthestrategyforliteracyissimple.(不过，尽管扫盲状况目前看起来很有挑战性，我们还是有理由感到乐观的。提高读写能力的方法很简单)”可知，作者认为扫盲状况看起来有挑战性，但是由于提高读写能力的方法很简单，作者是很乐观的。故选D。DYoumayhavenoticedsudden,brieftwitching(抽动)atsomepointwhileyourdogwassleepingandwonderediftheyweredreamingorevenexpressingsometypeofdiscomfort.Theseinvoluntarymovementsonlyoccurduringdreamstatesandusuallydon’tlastlong.Soistwitchingjustanormalpartofdreaming,oraretheretimeswhenyoushouldworry?Dogssleepanaverageof12-14hourseachday.Whiletheysleep,adog’sbrainprocessesinformationandexperiencesfromthedaythroughdreams.Twitchingisoftenrelatedtoactivedreamcyclesinthebrain.AccordingtoresearchbypsychologistStanleyCoren,anaverage-sizedogwilldreamaboutevery20minutes,andthesedreamswilllastaboutaminute.Largerbreedshavefewerdreamsthatlastlonger-aboutevery45minutesfor4minutes.Theoppositeistrueforsmallerbreeddogs;theywilldreamaboutevery10minutesforupto30seconds.Dogsexperiencethesamedreamstagesashumans,includingnon-rapideyemovement(NREM),short-wavesleep(SWS),andrapideyemovement(REM).DuringtheREMstate,adog’seyesmovearoundbehindtheirclosedeyelids,andthelargebodymusclesareturnedoffsothedreamisnotphysicallyactedout.Theamountoftwitchingdependsonhowmuchtheseoffswitchescrampmusclemovement.Ifyourdogsleepsnexttoyou,theymayunintentionallydisturbyoursleepwiththeirsudden bodymovements.However,itisoftenadvisednottoawakenadogthatistwitchingintheirsleepunlesstheyareclearlyindistress.Abaddreamornightterrorcouldbethecauseoftheseinvoluntarymovements,andtheymaywakeupfrightened.Trytoavoidtouchingthemsotheydon’tbiteyouasaresultofbeingshockedandpanicked.Instead,gentlycallyourdog’snameuntiltheyrespond.Speakcalmlyandtellthemthattheyaresafeandsecureaftertheywakeup.Whiletheyappeartobeprettyactiveintheirsleep,dreamingdogsmaybeslowtoawaken.12.Whichofthefollowinginfluenceshowoftendogsdream?A.Theirsleepingtime.B.Theirbodysize.C.Theirdailyexperiences.D.Theirhealthconditions13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cramp”meaninparagraph4?A.Stimulate.B.Analyze.C.Restrict.D.Monitor.14.Whyisitadvisednottowakeupadogtwitchinginsleep?A.Toavoidbeingbittenbythedog.B.Toensurethedogadequatesleep.C.Topreventthedoggettingshocked.D.Toescapedisturbancefromthedog.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowdoesDogs’BrainWork?B.WhydoDogsDreamatNight?C.WhydoDogsTwitchinTheirSleep?D.HowdoesDogs’TwitchAffectTheirSleep?【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了为什么狗在睡觉时会抽搐的现象，以及如何处理这种情况避免被狗咬伤或惊吓到狗。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“AccordingtoresearchbypsychologistStanleyCoren,anaverage-sizedogwilldreamaboutevery20minutes,andthesedreamswilllastaboutaminute.Largerbreedshavefewerdreamsthatlastlonger-aboutevery45minutesfor4minutes.Theoppositeistrueforsmallerbreeddogs;theywilldreamaboutevery10minutesforupto30seconds.(根据心理学家斯坦利·科伦的研究，一只中等大小的狗每20分钟会做梦一次，这些梦会持续大约一分钟。体型较大的品种的梦更少，持续时间更长——大约每45分钟做一次，持续4分钟。小型犬的情况正好相 反;他们每10分钟做梦一次，持续30秒)”可知，狗的体型会影响狗的做梦频率。故选B。13题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“DuringtheREMstate,adog’seyesmovearoundbehindtheirclosedeyelids,andthelargebodymusclesareturnedoffsothedreamisnotphysicallyactedout.(在快速眼动状态下，狗的眼睛在紧闭的眼睑后移动，身体的大块肌肉被关闭，所以梦不会在身体上发生)”以及“Theamountoftwitchingdependsonhowmuchtheseoffswitches”可知，抽搐的程度取决于这些开关对肌肉运动的限制程度。故画线词意思是“限制”。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Trytoavoidtouchingthemsotheydon’tbiteyouasaresultofbeingshockedandpanicked.(尽量避免碰到它们，这样它们就不会因为受惊而咬你)”可知，建议不要吵醒睡梦中抽搐的狗是为了避免被狗咬伤。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Youmayhavenoticedsudden,brieftwitching(抽动)atsomepointwhileyourdogwassleepingandwonderediftheyweredreamingorevenexpressingsometypeofdiscomfort.(你可能会注意到你的狗狗在睡觉时突然短暂的抽搐，想知道它们是在做梦，还是在表达某种不适)”结合文章主要解释了为什么狗在睡觉时会抽搐的现象，以及如何处理这种情况避免被狗咬伤或惊吓到狗。可知，C选项“为什么狗在睡觉时会抽搐？”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Iknowthatfacinguncertaintyatworkcanbestressful,particularlyinthecurrenteconomicclimate.WhileIdon’tknowtheparticularsofyoursituation,Icanprovidesomegeneraladvicetohelpreducethechanceofbeinglaidoff.Startbydemonstratingyourskillsandvaluetoyourcompany.___16___Meanwhile,showyourtalentsonhigh-priorityassignments.Provideregularprogressupdatesonthefinancialimpactdirectlyrelatedtoyourwork.Andshareyouraccomplishmentswithyourdirectors.___17___Next,takestepstomakesureyouareseenasvitaltoyourclients.Oftenemployersconsidertheimpactlayoffswillhaveoncustomerrelations.___18___However,itmayleavealastingimpressiononmanagementandcolleagueswhomaybeveryhelpfulinyourfuturecareer. ___19___Toprepareforalayoff,takepracticalsteps,suchasupdatingyourresume(简历)andLinkedInprofiletohighlightanypromotions,newskills,projects,andeducationalachievements.MakeuseofyournetworkonLinkedInandothervirtualplatformstoconnectwithpeopleinyourfield.Financialpreparationsarealsostronglyadvised.Reviewyourbudgetandcutitwhereyoucan.___20___Makesureyouknowtherequirementsforunemploymentinyourstateaswellastheanticipatedbenefitamountsothatyoucanworkthatintoanybudgetplans.Andifpossible,considerapplyingfornewopportunities.A.Itwillallowyoutoincreaseyoursavings.B.Theymaynotbeawareofallthatyou’vedone.C.Alayoffmaycomeasashocktoanyemployer.D.Whileyouplanforthebest,preparefortheworst.E.Ofcourse,thesestepsmaynotalwayspreventalayoff.F.Oneofthebestwaystodothatisbygrowingyourskills.G.Thismaymeanvolunteeringfortasksthatothersdon’twanttodo.【答案】16.G17.B18.E19.D20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些有助于减少被解雇的机会的建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Startbydemonstratingyourskillsandvaluetoyourcompany.(从展示你的技能和对公司的价值开始)”以及后文“Meanwhile,showyourtalentsonhigh-priorityassignments.(同时，在优先任务上展示你的才能)”可知，上文提到展示你的技能和对公司的价值开始，本句承接上文说明这么做的意义：意味着自愿做别人不想做的工作。故G选项“这可能意味着自愿做别人不想做的工作”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Andshareyouraccomplishmentswithyourdirectors.(和你的主管们分享你的成就)”可知，上文提到和主管分享成就，本句为本段最后一句，说明这么做的原因：他们可能不知道你所做的一切，B选项中They指代上文directors。故B选项“他们可能不知道你所做的一切”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】 根据上文“Next,takestepstomakesureyouareseenasvitaltoyourclients.Oftenemployersconsidertheimpactlayoffswillhaveoncustomerrelations.(接下来，采取措施确保你被客户视为至关重要的人。雇主通常会考虑裁员对客户关系的影响)”以及后文“However,itmayleavealastingimpressiononmanagementandcolleagueswhomaybeveryhelpfulinyourfuturecareer.(然而，这可能会给管理层和同事留下深刻的印象，他们可能会对你未来的职业生涯有很大的帮助)”可知，本句承接上文说明“采取措施确保你被客户视为至关重要的人”这一做法对避免裁员的不一定有用，后文与本句构成转折，指出这可能会给管理层和同事留下深刻的印象，他们可能会对你未来的职业生涯有很大的帮助。故E选项“当然，这些措施不一定能避免裁员”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据后文“Toprepareforalayoff,takepracticalsteps,suchasupdatingyourresume(简历)andLinkedInprofiletohighlightanypromotions,newskills,projects,andeducationalachievements.MakeuseofyournetworkonLinkedInandothervirtualplatformstoconnectwithpeopleinyourfield.(为被解雇做好准备，采取切实可行的措施，比如更新你的简历和领英简介，突出任何晋升、新技能、项目和教育成就。利用你在LinkedIn和其他虚拟平台上的人际网络与你所在领域的人建立联系)”可知，后文提到为被解雇做好准备，即做好最坏的打算。故D选项“做最好的打算，做最坏的打算”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“Financialpreparationsarealsostronglyadvised.Reviewyourbudgetandcutitwhereyoucan.(还强烈建议做好财务准备。回顾你的预算，在你能削减的地方削减)”可知，上文提到削减开支，即增加储蓄。故A选项“它可以让你增加储蓄”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mycarslideasilyintotheschoollane.Iturnedaroundandglancedatthebackseatasmyten-year-olddaughter___21___.Mydaughter’swordsstartedtospill.“Momma,Jenny___22___allthegirlsintheclasstoattendherbirthdaypartyexceptforHeatherandme.I___23___Iwasherfriendtoo.”Theairwasfilledwithher___24___.Astearsrandownmylittlegirl’sface,Ifelt___25___.Asanintrovert(内向的人),Ioften breatheasighof___26___whenIamnotinvitedtoalargesocialgathering.Iprefer___27___withafewfriendswhogetme.___28___,Idon’textendmypreferencestomydaughter’ssociallife.Sincetheageoffour,ratherthan___29___justafew,I’veinvitedallofherclassmatestoherbirthdayparties,becauseIam___30___totheneedforyounggirlsandboystofeel___31___.Iunderstandthatatsomepointallofusareexcludedfromsomethingandthatthisisa___32___childrenwilleventuallylearn.Butwhydoesithavetohappenwhentheyareso___33___?Assoonaswegothome,Ihuggedmystillupsetdaughterandwipedawayhertears.AsI___34___her,Ithoughtofherownapproachingbirthdayparty.Theinvitationwouldgooutto___35___ofherclassmates.21.A.gotoffB.climbedinC.pulledupD.checkedout22.A.invitedB.persuadedC.allowedD.reminded23.A.rememberedB.pretendedC.thoughtD.admitted24.A.sorrowB.excitementC.embarrassmentD.anxiety25.A.fearlessB.hopelessC.tirelessD.powerless26.A.disappointmentB.impatienceC.reliefD.sadness27.A.competingB.bargainingC.connectingD.living28.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise29.A.expectingB.choosingC.ignoringD.training30.A.usedB.addictedC.blindD.sensitive31.A.leftoutB.ateaseC.fulfilledD.included32.A.lessonB.testC.skillD.quality33.A.upsetB.youngC.naughtyD.lonely34.A.rescuedB.entertainedC.rewardedD.comforted35.A.allB.someC.noneD.few【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.C27.C28.B29.B30.D31.D32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了十岁的女儿告诉作者自己被同学珍妮排挤，没有被邀请去参加珍妮的生日派对，作者对此感到无能为力，但是尽力安慰女儿，并还是决定在女儿 生日派对的时候邀请所有人。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我转过身，瞥了一眼后座，十岁的女儿正爬进车里。A.gotoff下车；B.climbedin爬进；C.pulledup拔起；D.checkedout结账。根据后文“Mydaughter’swordsstartedtospill.(我女儿开始滔滔不绝了)”可知，十岁的女儿爬进了车里。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈，珍妮邀请了班里所有的女孩来参加她的生日聚会，除了希瑟和我。A.invited邀请；B.persuaded说服；C.allowed允许；D.reminded提醒。根据后文“allthegirlsintheclasstoattendherbirthdayparty”指邀请所有女孩去参加生日派对。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为我也是她的朋友。A.remembered记得；B.pretended假装；C.thought以为，认为；D.admitted承认。根据后文“Iwasherfriendtoo”可知，女儿说以为自己也是她的朋友。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：空气中充满了她的悲伤。A.sorrow悲伤；B.excitement激动；C.embarrassment尴尬；D.anxiety焦虑。结合上文可知，女儿没有被邀请，感到很悲伤。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我的小女儿泪流满面时，我感到无能为力。A.fearless无畏的；B.hopeless绝望的；C.tireless不知疲倦的；D.powerless无力的。后文提到作者是个内向的人，没有遇到过这种情况，所以是感到无能为力。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个内向的人，当我没有被邀请参加大型社交聚会时，我常常会松一口气。A.disappointment失望；B.impatience无耐心；C.relief安慰；D.sadness悲伤。根据上文“Asanintrovert”可知，因为作者很内向，所以没有被邀请只感到松了一口气。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我更喜欢和几个懂我的朋友交流。A.competing竞争；B.bargaining讨价还价；C.connecting联系；D.living居住。根据后文“withafewfriendswhogetme”指和几个懂自己的朋友保持联系，应用connectwith。故选C。 【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我并没有把我的喜好延伸到我女儿的社交生活上。A.Instead相反；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从四岁开始，我邀请了她所有的同学参加她的生日派对，而不是只选几个，因为我很清楚年轻的女孩和男孩需要有参与感。A.expecting期待；B.choosing选择；C.ignoring忽视；D.training训练。根据后文“I’veinvitedallofherclassmatestoherbirthdayparties(我邀请了她所有的同学参加她的生日聚会)”可知，作者邀请了所有人，而不是有所选择。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从四岁开始，我邀请了她所有的同学参加她的生日派对，而不是只选几个，因为我很清楚年轻的女孩和男孩需要有参与感。A.used用过的；B.addicted上瘾的；C.blind盲目的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据后文“totheneedforyounggirlsandboystofeel”可知，作者对小男孩和小女孩希望自己能够融入他人的这一成长经历很敏感，即：很清楚年轻的女孩和男孩在成长的过程中需要有参与感，故选D。【31题详解】考查动词/短语词义辨析。句意：从四岁开始，我邀请了她所有的同学参加她的生日派对，而不是只选几个，因为我很清楚年轻的女孩和男孩需要有参与感。A.leftout忽视；B.atease安逸；C.fulfilled实现；D.included包括。根据上文“theneedforyounggirlsandboystofeel”可知，这里指女孩男孩都需要有参与感，included此处为过去分词转化而来的形容词，表示“包括在内的”。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白，在某种程度上，我们所有人都会被排除在外，这是孩子们最终会学到的一个道理。A.lesson道理、教训；B.test测试；C.skill技能；D.quality质量。根据后文“childrenwilleventuallylearn”可知，所有人都有被排除在外的时候，这是孩子们最终会学到的一个道理。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是为什么这种事发生在他们这么小的时候呢？A.upset沮丧的；B.young年轻的；C.naughty淘气的；D.lonely 寂寞的。结合上文可知女儿才十岁就遭到了排挤，所以是很小的年纪。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我安慰她时，我想到了她自己即将到来的生日聚会。A.rescued营救；B.entertained娱乐；C.rewarded奖赏；D.comforted安慰。根据上文“Assoonaswegothome,Ihuggedmystillupsetdaughterandwipedawayhertears.(我们一到家，我就拥抱了仍然很难过的女儿，为她擦去眼泪)”可知，作者安慰伤心的女儿。故选D。【35题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：邀请会发给她所有的同学。A.all全部；B.some一些；C.none没有人；D.few很少。呼应上文“I’veinvitedallofherclassmatestoherbirthdayparties”指作者会邀请班上所有人。故选A。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分)第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节(10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。LakePowell,thesecondlargesthuman-madereservoir(水库)intheUS,haslostnearly7%ofitspotentialstoragecapacitysinceit___36___(build)in1963.Inadditiontowater___37___(lose)duetoyearsofdrought,theUSGeologicalSurveyfound,LakePowell___38___(face)anaverageannuallossinstoragecapacityofabout33,270acre-feetperyearbetween1963and2018.That’senoughwater___39___(fill)theReflectingPoolontheNationalMallabout1,600times.Thecapacityofthereservoirisbecomingsmallerbecauseofsediments(沉淀物)___40___(flow)infromtheColoradoandSanJuanrivers.Thosesedimentssettleatthebottomofthereservoir___41___decreasethetotalamountofwaterthatthereservoircanhold.It’sbadnewsforaregion___42___hasalreadyfacedwatershortagesandextremewildfiresduetothedrought.LakePowellis___43___importantreservoirintheColoradoRiverBasin.BothLakePowellandnearbyLakeMead,thenation’slargestreservoir,aredryingup___44___analarmingrate.InAugust,thegovernmentdeclaredawatershortageontheColoradoRiverforthefirsttimeafterLakeMead’swaterleveldecreasedtoarecordlow,leadingtocutsinwaterconsumptionforthe___45___(state)intheSouthwestthatbeganinJanuary.【答案】36.wasbuilt 37.loss38.faced39.tofill40.flowing41.and42.which##that43.an44.at45.states【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了由于干旱，鲍威尔湖的水位不仅直线下降，它的总容量也在减少。【36题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：鲍威尔湖是美国第二大人工水库，自1963年建成以来，其潜在蓄水能力已经损失了近7%。设空处在句中做谓语，根据时间状语in1963，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，设空处和句子的主语it之间是被动关系，可知，设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasbuilt。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：美国地质调查局发现，除了多年干旱导致的水资源损失外，鲍威尔湖在1963年至2018年期间平均每年面临约33270英亩英尺的蓄水量损失。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填loss。【38题详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语between1963and2018，可知句子的时态为一般过去时。故填faced。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些水足够灌满国家广场上的倒影池约1600次。设空处在句中作非谓语，表将来，应用动词不定式的形式作定语。故填tofill。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于从科罗拉多河和圣胡安河流入的沉积物的流动，水库的容量越来越小。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语sediments(沉淀物)之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作定语。故填flowing。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：这些沉积物沉积在水库底部，减少了水库可以容纳的总水量。设空处并列句子的谓语，应用and。故填and。 【42题详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这对一个由于干旱已经面临缺水和极端野火的地区来说是个坏消息。设空处引导定语从句且在句中做指物的主语，先行词为region。故填which或that。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：鲍威尔湖是科罗拉多河流域一个重要的水库。设空处后为名词单数的形式，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，因空后的important为元音音素开头。故填an。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：鲍威尔湖和附近的米德湖(美国最大的水库)正以惊人的速度干涸。atarateof以……的速度。故填at。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：今年8月，在米德湖水位降至历史最低点后，政府首次宣布科罗拉多河缺水，导致美国西南部各州从1月开始削减用水量。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，根据后面的“intheSouthwest(美国西南部)”可知，设空处应用名词的复数的形式。故填states。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是校英语话剧社社长李华，原定于下周举行的英语话剧表演赛因故推迟，请给担任评委的外教Katherine写邮件，内容包括：1.表示歉意；2.推迟原因；3.后续调整。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearKatherine, Howarethingsgoingwithyouthesedays?I’msorrytotellyouthattheEnglishdramacompetitionscheduledtobeheldnextweekhasbeenpostponedforsomereason.IsupposeeverybodyaroundtheworldhasbeensomehowaffectedbyCovid-19,andwearenoexception.ThegreatestinfluenceonusisthattheEnglishdramacompetitionthisyearhasbeenpostponedtonextmonth.Ifthevirusisundercontrolsoon,wewillrearrangeandinformyouintime.Iwishitwouldbeconvenientforyoutobeourjudgethen.Pleasestaysafeandstayincontactwithme.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是校英语话剧社社长李华，原定于下周举行的英语话剧表演赛因故推迟，请给担任评委的外教Katherine写邮件。【详解】1.词汇积累推迟：postpone→putoff影响：influence→effect比赛：competition→contest保持联系：stayincontactwith→keepintouch2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：I’msorrytotellyouthattheEnglishdramacompetitionscheduledtobeheldnextweekhasbeenpostponedforsomereason.拓展句：I’msorrytotellyouthattheEnglishdramacompetition,whichwasscheduledtobeheldnextweek,hasbeenpostponedforsomereason.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’msorrytotellyouthattheEnglishdramacompetitionscheduledtobeheldnextweekhasbeenpostponedforsomereason.(运用了that引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]Ifthevirusisundercontrolsoon,wewillrearrangeandinformyouintime.(运用了if引导条件状语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenmyhusbandRandydiedinlatefall,decidingwhattodowithhisgardenwaswaydownon thelistofnecessarytasks.Duringthefirstfewmonths,Icriedwithourdaughters,plannedamemorial,criedwithmyfamily,celebratedaquietThanksgiving,andpanickedovernothavingboughtChristmaspresents.Asthecalendarturnedtoanewyear,theoftenrainydaysandlongnightsdeepenedmysorrow.IfoundmyselfexhaustedattheendofFebruary,bothphysicallyandmentally.Thenthedaffodilsbloomed(开花)inthegarden.Yearsbefore,Randyhadplanteddozensoftheselemon-yellowflowers.Tohim,theyservedasareminderofhope,apromisethatlightandwarmthwouldsoonreplacecoldanddark.Lookingatthosedauffodils,IthoughtabouthowRandyhadconsideredourgardenalivingworkofart,carefullychoosingplantssowe’dseenewbloomseverymonth.ThenInoticedalltheweedsthathadtakenrootandspreadeverywhere.Theneglect(疏于打理)showed,forRandy’sillnesshadlastedacoupleofyears,atimewhenhedidn’thaveenergyforyardworkthewayhehadbefore.Facedwiththeneglectedgarden,Ifeltoverwhelmedinthebeginning.MydaughterssuggestedIhireaservicetocleaneverythingup.Ididn’trespond.EverytimeIsatinthegardenalone,thememoriesofthelivelygardencameflooding,likethenumerousscenesinanunforgettablefilm.ManydaysRandycamehomefromwork,changedintooldclothes,andheadedoutthedoortomoworprune(修剪).Orangedragonfliesfollowedhimaroundtheyardasheworked.Honeybeesbuzzedamongtheflowers,birdssangbeautifulsongs,andgentlebreezescarriedthesweetsmellofdirt.Nomatterhowcoldorwetitwas,thefreshairandphysicalactivitymadehimenergizedandrefreshed.ForRandy,theworkwasquietandcomforting,whichwasarelief,aswellasapleasure.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thedaysgrewwarmerandlighter,andIstartedtheworkmyself. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Weekslater,mydaughtersreturnedtovisitme.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thedaysgrewwarmerandlighter,andIstartedtheworkmyself.IrealizedIneedtotakecareofthegardenjustlikewhatRandydidbefore.Randyusedtotreatthegardenasalivingworkofart.Ifhewerealive,hewouldn’tbehappytoseethegardeninamess.Therefore,IneededtotakecareofthegardenjustlikewhatRandydid.Istartedweeding,wateringandlookingafterthedaffodils.ItseemedliketomeworkinginthegardenwasawaytocommemorateRandy.Weekslater,mydaughtersreturnedtovisitme.Shewasverysurprisedatwhatshesaw.Orangedragonflieswereflyingaroundtheyard.Honeybeesbuzzedamongtheflowersandbirdssangbeautifulsongs.SheusedtobeworriedIwouldbeinabadmood.Butnowsherealizedeverythingwasinagoodorder.Seeingthis,shesaiditlooksasifherfatherwasalwayswithus.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了丈夫去世后，作者身心俱疲，一直的伤心难过，无法从失去丈夫的痛苦当中走出来，作者多次回忆起丈夫在花园里劳作的场景，作者意识到要保留这份回忆，把花园照看好。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“天气越来越暖和，越来越风和日丽，我自己也开始干活了。”可知，第一段可描写作者决定把花园照看好，在花园劳作。②由第二段首句内容“几周后，我的女儿们回来看我。”可知，第二段可描写女儿看到作者打理好花园的惊讶之情。2.续写线索：一蹶不振——照看花园——井井有条——女儿回家——吃惊——感悟3.词汇激活行为类 ①照顾：takecareof/lookafter/attendto②.纪念：commemorate/inmemoryof情绪类①.担心的：worried/concerned②.惊讶的：surprised/astonished【点睛】[高分句型1].Shewasverysurprisedatwhatshesaw.（由连接词what引导的宾语从句）[高分句型2].Ifhewerealive,hewouldn’tbehappytoseethegardeninamess.（if引导的虚拟条件句运用了虚拟语气）