江苏省淮安市马坝高级中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期9月质量检测试题（Word版有解析）

马坝高级中学2022-2023学年第一学期9月份质量检测高三英语本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoestheman’ssisterlike?A.Clubs.B.Museums.C.Concerts.2.Whatdoesthewomanlikebestaboutthemovie?A.Theplot.B.Theacting.C.Thesoundeffects.3.WhoisDavid?A.Achef.B.Aplayer.C.Areporter4.Whereisthearticleprobablyfrom?A.Inatextbook.B.Onawebsite.C.Inanewmagazine.5.Whatwillthetwospeakerswatchtogether?A.Afolkconcert.B.Ajazzbandplaying.C.ArockbandBuzz.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whereisprobablythewoman’sseat?A.In14A.B.In14B.C.In15A.7.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Strangers.C.Relatives.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.Whenwillthewomanattendthestaffmeetingtomorrow?A.At10:30.B.At11:00.C.At11:30.9.Whatwillbediscussedtomorrow?A.Themarketingreport.B.Thebudgetreport.C.Thesalesreport.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidthemanenjoyattheoldhouse?A.Listeningtostories.B.Playinggames.C.Lookingatthenightsky.11.Whatwasthewomanmostinterestedinaboutthehouse?A.Theoldpaintings.B.Thedecorationstyle.C.Theprevioushouseowners.12.Whatdoesthemanexpectthehousetobe?A.Aholidayhome.B.Ahotel.C.Amuseum.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhydoesthemanaskMrs.Bromleytocome?A.TocheckBilly’shomework.B.TotalkaboutBilly’sexamresults.C.TodiscussBilly’schangedbehavior.14.WhatrelationisDavidtoBilly?A.Hisfather:B.Hisbrother.C.Histeacher.15.WhatmightbeBilly’sproblem?A.Helackssleep.B.Hedislikesreading.C.Hehasfewfriends.16.HowdoesthemanfeelaboutfindingasolutiontoBilly’sproblem?A.Anxious.B.Confused.C.Optimistic.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatwasthespeaker’sfather?A.Abankclerk.B.Afruitseller.C.Alawyer.18.Whatdidthespeakerdoafterhesoldhisshoebusiness?A.Hehadholidays.B.Hestartedfarming.C.Hemovedtoavillage.19.Howlonghasthespeakerbeenfinancingcharitableprojects?A.Fortwoyears.B.Forfiveyears.C.Forsevenyears.20.Whatwasthespeaker’sfirstfinishedprojectabout? A.Buildingahospital.B.Openingaschool.C.Improvingwaterquality.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)ACertainly,Indiaispopularintheworldforitscultures.Ithassomemuseumsthatareworthvisiting.InternationalDollMuseumYes,themuseumisclaimedtobethebestmuseumintheeyesofitsaudienceinthecountry.Forthepopularity,everyIndiankidwantstovisititatleastonceinhis/herlifetime.Sure,therearesomanycollectionsofthedollfromtraditionaltomodernones.Ialsodisplaystypicaldollsfromvariousculturesworldwide.ItopenseverydayexceptMondayfrom10amto6pm.PaldiKiteMuseumHaveyoueverplayedakiteinyourchildhood?Kitesaremorethanjusttoystoplaywith.Theyarepiecesofartthatmotivatepeopletoconductcompetitions.Hundredsofkiteswithuniquedesignsandvariousshapesaredisplayedinthemuseum.Besides,visitorscanalsolearnabouttechniquestoflythem.Themuseumopens6daysaweekanditisclosedeveryMonday.Theoperationalhourisfrom10amto6pm.IndianMuseuminCalcuttaThebiggestandtheoldestmuseuminIndiaislocatedinCalcutta,WestBengal.ItissimplyknownastheIndianMuseum.Thecollectionsarevariedwithmanycategories:history,cultures,arts,botany,andmore.Sure.forthehistorylovers,youcanvisitthehistorypart,whereyoucanwatchandenjoysomanyartifacts(手工艺品)fromIndianancientkingdomsalongwithcompletedescriptionsofthem.Besides,thereareincredibletraditionalpaintings.Mostnotably,ifyouthinkthemummyisonlyintheEgyptianmuseum,itisnotcompletelytrue.TheIndianMuseumhasitaswell.Themuseumopensfrom10amto5pmanditisclosedeveryMonday.SulabhInternationalToiletMuseumThemuseumhousescountlesstoiletcollections,startingfromtheoldandancienttoiletstothemodernones.Thetoiletsdisplayedarecomingfrom50countriesandthenumberispredictedtoincrease.Sure,manyofthecollectionsrepresentthehistoryandculturesofthosecountries.Themuseumopenseverydayfrom10:30amto5pm. 1.WhoisInternationalDollMuseummainlyintendedfor?A.Students.B.Children.C.Adults.D.Employees.2.WhatcanvisitorsspeciallydoinTheIndianMuseum?A.Makeartifacts.B.Learntopaint.C.Seethemummy.D.Growsomeplants.3.IfyouwanttovisitamuseumonMonday,whichwouldyouchoose?A.InternationalDollMuseum.B.PaldiKiteMuseumC.TheIndianMuseum.D.SulabhInternationalToiletMuseum.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了印度四个值得参观的博物馆。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Forthepopularity,everyIndiankidwantstovisititatleastonceinhis/herlifetime.(由于受欢迎，每个印度孩子都想在一生中至少去一次)”可知，该博物馆的目标群体是孩子。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Mostnotably,ifyouthinkthemummyisonlyintheEgyptianmuseum,itisnotcompletelytrue.TheIndianMuseumhasitaswell.(最值得注意的是，如果你认为这具木乃伊只在埃及博物馆里，那它并不完全是真的。印度博物馆也有)”可知，游客在印度博物馆可以看木乃伊。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Themuseumopenseverydayfrom10:30amto5pm.(博物馆每天上午10点半至下午5点开放)”再结合其它博物馆的开馆时间，可知，如果你想在周一参观博物馆，你可以选择SulabhInternationalToiletMuseum。故选D。BSomepeoplesaythatdogsareman’sbestfriend,loyalandloveable.Infact,theycanbemorethanjustapetascertainbreedsareexcellentworkingdogstoo.Weknowabouttheamazinghelpguidedogsgivetoblindpeopleand,morerecently,anewrolehasbeenfoundfortheanimals—workingastherapydogsinuniversities. ResearchbyWashingtonStateUniversityintheUS,hasfoundspendingtimewithadogcanhelpstressedstudents.PatriciaPendryfromtheuniversitytoldtheBBCthatastudyof300undergraduateshadfoundweeklyhour-longsessionswithdogsbroughttotheuniversitybyprofessionalhandlershadmadestressedstudentsathighriskofacademicfailureordroppingout“feelrelaxedandaccepted”.Thedogshelpedthemtoconcentrate,learnandrememberinformation.TheBBC’seducationcorrespondentSeanCoughlanwritesthataround1,000campusesintheUSalreadyusetherapypetsandit’sbecomingmorecommonintheUK.FionaSuthers,headofclinicalskillsattheuniversity,isinchargeoftheprogram.Shesaysthatfivedogshavebeenintroducedtoherschoolafterastrictassessmenttoensuretheyhadtherighttemper.Butsheadds“it’shardtodescribetheimpactofjusthavingadoglyingdowninthecornerofaclass.”StudentUnioneducationofficerChloeHutchinsontoldtheBBCthat“alotofstudentshavedogsathomeandmightbeabithomesick,especiallyaroundexamtimewhenitisstressfulandtheyjustwanttheirhomecomforts.”Soifyou’reastudentwho’sbeenworkinglikeadog,butyoustillfeellikeyouhaven’tadog’schanceinpassingyourexams,maybeintroducingafour-leggedfriendintoyourlifemightbethehelpyouneed.4.Whatbenefitofdogsisnotmentionedinthepassage?A.Theycanbehuman’scompanions.B.Theycanhelpstudentsovercomementalillness.C.Theycanhelptheblind.D.Theycanpromotestressedstudents’concentration.5.What’sFionaSuther’sattitudetowardsintroducingdogsintoaclass?A.UnwillingB.TolerantC.PositiveD.Unsure6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A.Youhavenoadvantageoverotherstudents.B.Youhavedifficultyinpassingtheexams.C.Youdon’thaveachancetohaveadog.D.yourdogdoesn’thelpyoupassexams.7.Wherecanyoureadthispassage?AInapopularmagazine.B.Inaneducationjournal.C.Inamedicineadvertisement.D.Inalocalguidebook. 【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究发现，与狗狗在一起可以帮助压力大的学生，介绍了研究开展的过程以及狗作为治疗宠物能发挥的积极作用。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Somepeoplesaythatdogsareman’sbestfriend,loyalandloveable.(有人说狗是人类最好的朋友，忠诚又可爱)”；“Weknowabouttheamazinghelpguidedogsgivetoblindpeopleand,morerecently,anewrolehasbeenfoundfortheanimals—workingastherapydogsinuniversities.(我们都知道导盲犬能给盲人提供惊人的帮助。最近，导盲犬又有了一个新角色——在大学里充当治疗犬)”以及第二段中“ResearchbyWashingtonStateUniversityintheUS,hasfoundspendingtimewithadogcanhelpstressedstudents.(美国华盛顿州立大学的一项研究发现，与狗狗在一起可以帮助压力大的学生)”可知，B选项“他们可以帮助学生克服精神疾病”没有提到。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“FionaSuthers,headofclinicalskillsattheuniversity,isinchargeoftheprogram.Shesaysthatfivedogshavebeenintroducedtoherschoolafterastrictassessmenttoensuretheyhadtherighttemper.Butsheadds“it’shardtodescribetheimpactofjusthavingadoglyingdowninthecornerofaclass.”(FionaSuthers是该大学临床技能主管，负责该项目。她说，经过严格的评估，学校已经引进了五只狗，以确保它们的脾气正常。但她补充说：“很难描述仅仅让一只狗躺在教室角落里的影响。”)”可推知，FionaSuther对把狗引入课堂持积极态度。故选C。【6题详解】句意猜测题。根据画线词上文“Soifyou’reastudentwho’sbeenworkinglikeadog”以及后文“maybeintroducingafour-leggedfriendintoyourlifemightbethehelpyouneed”可知，but表示转折，说明所以，如果你是一个学习很努力的学生，但你仍然觉得你很难通过考试，也许介绍一个四条腿的朋友进入你的生活可能是你需要的帮助。故画线句意思是“你很难通过考试”。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ResearchbyWashingtonStateUniversityintheUS,hasfoundspendingtimewithadogcanhelpstressedstudents.PatriciaPendryfromtheuniversitytoldtheBBCthata studyof300undergraduateshadfoundweeklyhour-longsessionswithdogsbroughttotheuniversitybyprofessionalhandlershadmadestressedstudentsathighriskofacademicfailureordroppingout“feelrelaxedandaccepted”.Thedogshelpedthemtoconcentrate,learnandrememberinformation.(美国华盛顿州立大学的一项研究发现，与狗狗在一起可以帮助压力大的学生。该大学的帕特丽夏·彭德里告诉BBC，一项针对300名本科生的研究发现，专业训犬师带着狗狗们每周进行一小时的训练，这让那些学业失败或退学风险很高的紧张学生“感到放松和被接受”。狗帮助他们集中注意力，学习和记忆信息)”结合文章主要说明了一项研究发现，与狗狗在一起可以帮助压力大的学生，介绍了研究开展的过程以及狗作为治疗宠物能发挥的积极作用。可推知，你可以在一本流行杂志上读到这篇文章。故选A。CChoosingwhattowearcanbeatrickyproblem,especiallyifyou’reafashionvictim.Tryingtokeepupwiththelateststylesinvolvesregularvisitstotheshopsandsometimeswastingmoneyonexpensivedesignerclothes.Butwhenthefashionchanges,theseclothesareforgotteninthebackofcupboardsgatheringdust,orjustgetthrownaway.Therearemanystoresthatnowoffercheap“fastfashion”—low-priceitemsthatimitatethestylesofmoreexpensivedesignerbrands.Environmentalistsareangeredbytheamountofenergyinvolvedinmakingtheseclothesandthatmanyofthemaremadefromnon-recyclablematerials.Thismeansthatitemsgointolandfillorarejustincinerated,whichisresponsiblefor20%oftheworld’swastewater,and10%ofcarbonemissions.Thisissomethingthefashionindustryisbecomingmoreawareofandhasledtoanewcropofbiomaterialsthatreplacewastefultextileslikecottonandleather.ExamplesincludePiñatex,aleather-likesubstancemadefromdesertedpineappleleaves.It’sbeenusedincollectionsbyHugoBossandH&M.Andthere’smycelium,therootstructureofmushroomthat’sbeingusedtocreatefood,packagingandtextiles.Cottonisaveryresource-intensecroptogrow.EleanorLawriesays“about15,000litersofwaterarerequiredtomakeonepairofjeans.”So,buyingorganiccottonisabetterchoice.AndthereisalsoTencel,alsoknownasLyocell,anaturalproductthat’snowgrowinginpopularity.“Butcreatingsustainabletextilesisonlypartofthebattle.Buyingsecondhandandbuyingfewerclothesaretheobviousenvironmentallyfriendlychoices.”saidDr.RichardfromLeedsSchoolofDesign“Idon’tthinkyoushouldconsiderbuyinganyitemofclothingunlessyoucommitto30years.” 8.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?A.Mostpeoplearenotgoodatchoosingwhattowear.B.Thefashionindustrytrickspeopleintobuyingfashionableclothes.C.Environmentalistsareangryaboutbuyingfashionableclothes.D.Thecheapfastfashionindustryshouldbetoblame.9.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedwordinparagraph2?A.Donated.B.Recycled.C.Burnt.D.Stored.10.Whatclothesisanenvironmentalistmostlikelytobuy?A.Clothesmadeofcotton.B.Clothesmadeofmushroom.C.ClothesmadeofleatherD.ClothesmadeofTencel.11.WhatcanwelearnfromDr.RichardBlackburn’sword?A.Clothesmadeofcottonwillbenefittheenvironment.B.Don’tbuynewclothesunlessyoumakefulluseoftheexistingones.C.Second-handclothescanbeunhealthyforwearers.D.Sustainabletextileswillsolvetheenvironmentalproblems.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了廉价的快时尚会浪费能源和导致环境污染问题，对此时尚行业也采取了相应的解决办法，如发明新的生物材料等可持续纺织品。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Therearemanystoresthatnowoffercheap“fastfashion”—low-priceitemsthatimitatethestylesofmoreexpensivedesignerbrands.Environmentalistsareangeredbytheamountofenergyinvolvedinmakingtheseclothesandthatmanyofthemaremadefromnon-recyclablematerials.Thismeansthatitemsgointolandfillorarejustincinerated,whichisresponsiblefor20%oftheworld’swastewater,and10%ofcarbonemissions.(现在有许多商店提供廉价的“快时尚”——模仿更昂贵的设计师品牌风格的低价商品。环保人士对制作这些衣服所耗费的大量能源感到愤怒，而且其中许多衣服是由不可回收材料制成的。这意味着，垃圾被填埋或直接焚烧，造成了世界上20%的废水和10%的碳排放)”可知，D选项“廉价的快时尚产业应该受到指责”正确。故选D。【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Environmentalistsareangeredbytheamountofenergyinvolvedinmakingtheseclothesandthatmanyofthemaremadefromnon-recyclablematerials.Thismeansthatitemsgointolandfillorarejust”以及后文“whichisresponsiblefor20%oftheworld’swastewater,and10%ofcarbonemissions”可知，环保人士对制作这些衣服所耗费的大量能源感到愤怒，而且其中许多衣服是由不可回收材料制成的。这意味着，垃圾被填埋或直接焚烧，造成了世界上20%的废水和10%的碳排放。故画线词意思是“焚烧”。A.Donated.捐赠；B.Recycled.回收利用；C.Burnt.燃烧；D.Stored.储存。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“AndthereisalsoTencel,alsoknownasLyocell,anaturalproductthat’snowgrowinginpopularity.(还有Tencel，也被称为Lyocell，一种天然产品，现在越来越受欢迎)”可知，环保主义者最可能买Tencel做的衣服。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Buyingsecondhandandbuyingfewerclothesaretheobviousenvironmentallyfriendlychoices.”saidDr.RichardfromLeedsSchoolofDesign“Idon’tthinkyoushouldconsiderbuyinganyitemofclothingunlessyoucommitto30years.”(“买二手衣服和少买衣服是明显的环保选择，”利兹设计学院的理查德博士说，“我认为你不应该考虑买任何一件衣服，除非你承诺要穿30年。”)”可知，不要买新衣服，除非你充分利用现有的。故选B。DInarecentstudy,researchershavesuggestedthattemperatureisamajorpredictorofbodysizevariation.Meanwhile,scientistsstudyingreddeerhavesaidthatwarmerwintersinnorthernEuropeandScandinaviamayleadtothebodysizeoftheseanimalsbecomingsmaller.ProfSteveBrusatte,apaleontologist(古生物学家)attheUniversityofEdinburgh,suggestedthatthewayinwhichothermammals(哺乳动物)havepreviouslyrespondedtoperiodsofclimatechangecouldofferaninsightintohumans’future.WritinginTheRiseandReignoftheMammals,Brusattenotesthatanimalsinwarmerpartsoftheworldtodayareoftensmallerthanthoseincolderareas,anecologicalprincipleknownasBergmann’srule.“Whydotheybecomesmaller?Itisnotentirelyunderstood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmalleranimalshaveahighersurfacearearelativetotheirvolumethanbiggeranimalsandcanthusbetterreleaseextraheat,”hewrites.“Itisacommonwaythatmammalsdealwithclimatechange”.Headded:“That’snottosayeveryspeciesofmammalwouldgetsmaller,butitseemstobea commonsurvivaltrickofmammalswhentemperatureschangeprettyquickly.Thatdoesraisethequestion:ifso,mighthumansgetsmaller?AndIthinkthatcertainlymakessense.”ProfAdrianLister,oftheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,saiditiscommonlybelievedthatthestrongrelationsbetweentemperatureandmammalbodysizemayoftenbedowntotheavailabilityoffoodandresources.“Wearenotreallycontrolledbynaturalselection,”hesaid.“Ifthatwasgoingtohappen,you’dneedtofindlargepeopledyingbeforetheycouldreproducebecauseofclimatewarming.Thatisnothappeningintoday’sworld.Wewearclothes,wehavegotheating,andwehavegotairconditioningifitistoohot.”12.WhatdoestherecentresearchfindaccordingtoParagraph1?AClimatechangemaycausehumanstoshrinkinsize.B.Humanbeingcan’tdealwithglobalclimatechange.C.Temperatureisthedecisiveelementinhumangrowth.D.Mankind’sfutureissimilartothatofancientmammals13.Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.PrinciplesaboutBergmann’srule.B.Reasonsforanimals’smallersize.C.Waystodealwithclimatechange.D.Declineofmammalsinnumber.14.HowdoesAdrianListerfeelabouttherecentstudy?A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Lengthy.D.Pointless.15.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ajobinterview.B.Apublicspeech.C.Asciencejournal.D.AcourseBook.【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了关于气候变化是否影响身体大小的研究。【12题详解】细节理解题。第一段主要描述温度与身材大小的关系，根据段中的“Meanwhile,scientistsstudyingreddeerhavesaidthatwarmerwintersinnorthernEuropeandScandinaviamayleadtothe bodysizeoftheseanimalsbecomingsmaller.(同时，研究马鹿的科学家们表示，北欧和斯堪的纳维亚地区的冬季变暖可能导致这些动物的体型变小)”以及后文的相关信息可知，该研究的主要结论是气候变化影响身材大小，且有可能会让身体变小，所以A项“气候变化可能会导致人类身材变小”符合题意。故答案为A。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段内容，特别是“Whydotheybecomesmaller?Itisnotentirelyunderstood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmalleranimalshaveahighersurfacearearelativetotheirvolumethanbiggeranimalsandcanthusbetterreleaseextraheat(为什么它们变小了？还不完全清楚为什么，但部分原因可能是与体积较大的动物相比，较小的动物具有更高的表面积，因此可以更好地释放额外的热量)”可知，本段主要解释气候变化可能会导致人类身材变小的原因。故答案为B。【14题详解】推理判断题。从最后一段“Ifthatwasgoingtohappen,you’dneedtofindlargepeopledyingbeforetheycouldreproducebecauseofclimatewarming.Thatisnothappeningintoday’sworld.(如果真的发生这种情况，你就会发现大量的人因为气候变暖而在生育之前死亡。这在当今世界是不可能的)”可知，他并不赞同上述研究的观点，对此表示怀疑。A.Supportive支持的；B.Doubtful怀疑的；C.Lengthy冗长的；D.Pointless无意义的，无目标的。故答案为B。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了关于气候变化是否影响身体大小的科学研究，从文中的相关描述及文体可知其出处最有可能为：科学期刊（杂志）。故答案为C。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whydopeoplefinditsohardtoconcentratewhilestudyingorworking?Perhapsit’sbecausethedistractions(干扰)aroundaretoomuchtoresist.Irememberthosedaysbeforemyschoolexams,whenIshowednointerestinlessonsorassignments.Thisisbecausewefeelthatourworkorstudiesareboring.____16____Maketheworkexciting.Nowthegeneralassumptionisthattheoneworkinhandisworthalotlessthantwootherinthebush.____17____Psychologistsbelievethatifyouarereallyinterestedinwhatyouaredoing,youwillrefusetoseethedistractionsaroundyou!So,tolearntoconcentrateon work,youfirstneedtomaketheworldexciting.____18____Thetargetmightbeprettylongshot.Sotrytosetashort-termgoals,andyougetafeelingofachievementeachtime.Effectivegoal-settingisagoodwaytobreakupyourtargetintoshortergoalsandensurethattheprogressisaccordingtotheplan.Thedrivetoachievethetargetsandgoalssetforyourselfwillkeepyoufocused.Keepallthedistractionsaway.Whenyou’reworking,anythingcandistractyou.So,keepthemallaway.Tellyourfriendstocalllater,andkeepthephoneaway.____19____TurntheTVandmusicplayeroff,andstayasfarawayfromthemaspossible.Namely,keepallthedistractingstuffoutofsight.Rewardyourself.Rewardsarejustasimportantasanythingelse!Ifyouhavecompletedyourgoals,giveyourselfmorethanjustapatontheback.Treatyourselftosomethingyoufeelyoudeserve.____20____APayattentiontoyourfuture.B.Setlongandshort-termgoals.C.Butwhydon’tyoumakeitexciting?D.Tellthepeoplearoundyoutotalksoftly.E.Hence,it’stimetogetridofthisideaaltogether.F.Itisessentialthatyoumaintainyourfocus,sothatitgivesyouanedgeoverthem!G.Thiswillhelpyoufeelcompensatedforyoureffortsandpushyoutorealizeyourgoals.【答案】16.E17.C18.B19.D20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何在学习或工作时集中注意力。【16题详解】空前说“Thisisbecausewefeelthatourworkorstudiesareboring.(这是因为我们觉得我们的工作或学习很无聊。)”，空后讲了一些在学习或工作时集中注意力的方法，E选项“Hence,it’stimetogetridofthisideaaltogether.(因此，是时候彻底摆脱这种想法了。)”中的“thisidea”指的是前面的“wefeelthatourworkorstudiesareboring(我们觉得我们的工作或学习很无聊)”，说明了我们不该有前面的想法，而应该按照下文的方法做，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 【17题详解】本段主题句是“Maketheworkexciting.(让工作令人兴奋。)”，C选项“Butwhydon’tyoumakeitexciting?(但你为什么不让它更令人兴奋呢？)”和主题句一致，且和后文的“So,tolearntoconcentrateonwork,youfirstneedtomaketheworldexciting.(所以，要学会专注于工作，你首先需要让世界变得令人兴奋。)”中的“maketheworldexciting(让世界变得令人兴奋)”相一致，因此说明了要让工作变得令人兴奋，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】空格处是本段的主题句，根据空后的“Thetargetmightbeprettylongshot.Sotrytosetashort-termgoals,andyougetafeelingofachievementeachtime.(目标可能是长远的。所以试着设定一个短期目标，每次你都会有成就感。)”可知，B选项“Setlongandshort-termgoals.(设定长期和短期目标。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选B。【19题详解】空前说“Whenyou’reworking,anythingcandistractyou.So,keepthemallaway.Tellyourfriendstocalllater,andkeepthephoneaway.(当你工作的时候，任何事情都可能让你分心。所以，把它们都赶走。告诉你的朋友待会再打来，把电话放远。)”，这是远离干扰的方法，D选项“Tellthepeoplearoundyoutotalksoftly.(告诉你周围的人轻声说话。)”也是远离干扰的方法，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】空前说“Ifyouhavecompletedyourgoals,giveyourselfmorethanjustapatontheback.Treatyourselftosomethingyoufeelyoudeserve.(如果你已经完成了你的目标，不要只给自己一些鼓励。用你觉得你值得的东西犒劳一下自己。)”，G选项“Thiswillhelpyoufeelcompensatedforyoureffortsandpushyoutorealizeyourgoals.(这会让你觉得自己的努力得到了补偿，并推动你实现目标。)”说的是犒劳自己的好处，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A,B,C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MymotherwasdiagnosedwithAlzheimer’s(老年痴呆症)lastsummer.Suddenly,itwasdifficultformetoacceptthattheroleswerenow____21____—mymotherbecamemychild,andIbecamehermother.Ibecame____22____earlyon,evenarguingwithheroccasionally.____23____ ,Iwasusedtothiskindoflife.NowIamabletodealwithherandthesituationbetter.Ihavelearnedalotoflife____24____fromtheexperience.Mymotherreactsvery____25____tomyfeelingsandthatis____26____ofalmostalltheAlzheimer’spatients.WhenIvisitherwithabusyandtensefeeling,shereactsimmediately,takesonmymood,andbecomes____27____andnegative.ButwhenIfeelcheerfulandattentive,sheisjoyful.Thishastaughtmetopaymoreattentiontomyown____28____whenIamwithotherpeople.IwasthoughtIwasverytolerant,butin____29____,mytoleranceranoutassoonassomeoneturnedawayfromwhatIconsidered“right”.Throughherillnessshehasdevelopedachildliketactlessness(不得体).Eatingoutinrestaurants,forexample,isabit_____30_____whensheshoutsatthewaiterforsomethingortalksaboutpeopleatthenexttableinaloudvoice.Withmymother,Icannowreallybetolerant.Ihavealsolearnedthateverythinghasspecial_____31_____.Whenmymothergotsick,Ididn’twantto_____32_____mytwodaughterswithit.Asmymother’sdaughterIwassupposedto_____33_____takeonthejob.Themostwonderfulvaluetakingcareofmymotherthroughherillnessbroughtabouttousmaybethatmychildrennotonly_____34_____tohelpmewhentheysensethatI’mfeeling_____35_____,butthattheytakecareofmymotherontheirowninitiative(主动地).Itshowsmethatit’sallworthit.21.A.dividedB.returnedC.switchedD.defined22A.discouragedB.impatientC.disturbedD.awkward23.A.GraduallyB.LuckilyC.FinallyD.Actually24.A.tricksB.skillsC.lessonsD.choices25.A.casuallyB.personallyC.seriouslyD.sensitively26.A.typicalB.usualC.ordinaryD.common27.A.crazyB.nervousC.lonelyD.curious28.A.methodsB.meansC.feelingsD.attitude29.A.realityB.publicC.conclusionD.general30.A.disappointingB.embarrassingC.amazingD.rude31.A.approachB.featureC.valueD.aspect32.A.participateB.burdenC.involveD.engage 33.A.totallyB.partlyC.willinglyD.actively34.A.decideB.affordC.promiseD.offer35.A.upsetB.relaxedC.proudD.exhausted【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.A30.B31.C32.B33.A34.D35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲在去年夏天得了老年痴呆症，作者在照顾母亲的过程中自己也学到了很多东西。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我很难接受角色互换了——我的母亲变成了我的孩子，而我变成了她的母亲。A.divided分开；B.returned返回；C.switched转换；D.defined解释。根据后文“mymotherbecamemychild,andIbecamehermother.”可知，因为作者的母亲变成了作者的孩子，而作者变成了她的母亲；由此可知，作者的角色互换了。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很早就不耐烦了，甚至偶尔和她争吵。A.discouraged气馁的；B.impatient不耐烦的；C.disturbed不安的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据后文“evenarguingwithheroccasionally.”可知，因为作者偶尔和母亲争吵，由此可知，作者很不耐烦了。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我习惯了这种生活。A.Gradually逐渐地；B.Luckily辛运地；C.Finally最后地；D.Actually实际上。前一句提到，作者对照顾母亲感到不耐烦，甚至争吵，此处需用副词gradually，表示作者已经逐渐地习惯了这种生活。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从这段经历中学到了很多人生经验。A.tricks诡计；B.skills技巧；C.lessons经验，功课，教训；D.choices选择。根据前一句“NowIamabletodealwithherandthesituationbetter.”可知，作者能更好地应对母亲和出现的情况；由此可知，作者从这段经历中学到了很多人生经验。故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我母亲对我的感受反应非常敏感，这几乎是所有老年痴呆症患者的典型特征。A.casually偶然地，随意地；B.personally个人地；C.seriously严重地，严肃地；D.sensitively敏感地。根据后文作者的表现“ButwhenIfeelcheerfulandattentive,sheisjoyful.” 可知，作者母亲对作者的感受反应非常敏感，所以当作者感到高兴和专注时，母亲是快乐的。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.typical典型的；B.usual往常的；C.ordinary普通的；D.common常见的。根据常识可知，对他人的感受非常敏感是老年痴呆症患者的典型特征。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我带着忙碌和紧张的感觉去看她时，她立刻反应过来，就像我一样，变得紧张和消极。A.crazy疯狂的；B.nervous紧张的；C.lonely孤独的；D.curious好奇的。根据前文“tensefeeling”可知，作者紧张时，母亲也跟着紧张。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这教会了我，当我和别人在一起时，要更加注意自己的感受。A.methods方法；B.means手段；C.feelings感受；D.attitude态度。根据前文“Mymotherreactsvery…tomyfeelings”可知，作者通过这段经历，学会了和别人相处时，要更加注意自己的感受。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为我很宽容，但实际上，一旦有人背离我认为“正确”的东西，我的宽容就会耗尽。A.reality现实；B.public大众，社会；C.conclusion总结；D.general将军。承接前文，此处需用inreality“实际上”，表示实际情况。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，外出就餐时，如果她对服务员大喊大叫，或者大声谈论邻桌的人，那就有点尴尬了。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.embarrassing令人尴尬的；C.amazing令人吃惊的；D.rude粗鲁的。根据后文“whensheshoutsatthewaiterforsomethingortalksaboutpeopleatthenexttableinaloudvoice.”可知，因为外出就餐，妈妈对服务员大喊大叫，或者大声谈论邻桌的人，这会让人感到尴尬。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也认识到，每件事都有特殊的价值。A.approach方法；B.feature特点；C.value价值；D.aspect方面。根据后文“Themostwonderfulvaluetakingcareofmymotherthroughherillness…”可知，此处指每件事都有特殊价值。故选C。【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我母亲生病的时候，我不想让我的两个女儿承受这个负担。A.participate参加；B.burden使负担；C.involve涉及；D.engage从事。根据后文“Asmymother’sdaughterIwassupposedto…takeonthejob.”可知，因为作者照顾自己的母亲，不想给自己的女儿们带来负担。故选B。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为我母亲的女儿，我应该完全承担起这份工作。A.totally完全地；B.partly部分地；C.willingly愿意地；D.actively积极地。因为作者是母亲的女儿，她不想给自己的女儿增加负担，所以作者完全承担了照顾自己母亲的工作。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在母亲生病期间照顾她给我们带来的最美妙的价值可能是，我的孩子们不仅在我感到疲惫时主动提供帮助，而且他们主动照顾我的母亲。A.decide决定；B.afford提供，买得起；C.promise承诺；D.offer主动提出。根据后文“butthattheytakecareofmymotherontheirowninitiative(主动地)”可知，作者的女儿们主动提出照顾作者的母亲。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.upset不安的；B.relaxed放松的；C.proud骄傲的；D.exhausted疲惫的。由后文“butthattheytakecareofmymotherontheirowninitiative(主动地)”可知，在作者疲惫时，作者的女儿们主动提出帮忙照顾作者的母亲。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白出填入适当的内容（1个）或括号内单词的正确形式。Jiuzhaigou,ascenicareaontheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist,fullyreopenedonOctober1,2021aftersustainingseriousdamage____36____(cause)bytheearthquake.Jiuzhaigouwasclosed____37____(temporary),followingtheearthquakewhichcaused25deathsandmorethan400____38____(injure).Intheaftermathofthequake,theNuorilangWaterfallcollapsed.____39____(stand)24.5meterstall,itisChina’swidestwaterfallat270meters____40____(wide)and____41____(attract)morethan8milliontouristsduringthepastfewdecades.Aftertwoyearsofreconstruction,85%ofthenaturalsightsinJiuzhaigoureopenedin2019,____42____entranceticketcosts169yuan($26),down____43____itsnormalpriceof220yuan.AfteritsfullreopeningonTuesday,the169-yuanentrancefeewouldremainforsometime. Therewasabigcrowdofvisitorsduringthisweekend.____44____(view)thelandmarksights,manyvisitorsfeltthescenicarealookedasbeautifulasever.“TheSparklingLakesandthefriendlylocalTibetans_____45_____Isaw12yearsagostillremainthesame.”saidHongShuang,amiddle-agedvisitorfromChengdu.【答案】36.caused37.temporarily38.injuries39.Standing40.width41.hasattracted42.whose43.from44.Havingviewed45.that【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了九寨沟自然保护区在经历了地震后重新对外开放，很多游客认为九寨沟仍和以前一样美丽。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由地震导致的持续严重破坏。分析句子结构可知cause在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语damage构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填caused。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：地震造成25人死亡，400多人受伤，九寨沟暂时关闭。修饰动词close应该用副词temporarily，作状语。故填temporarily。【38题详解】考查名词的数。句意：地震造成25人死亡，400多人受伤，九寨沟暂时关闭。此处作宾语，表示“受伤”应用名词injury，结合上文25deathsandmorethan400可知用复数形式。故填injuries。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：瀑布高24.5米，宽270米，是中国最宽的瀑布，在过去的几十年里吸引了800多万游客。分析句子结构可知stand在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语waterfall构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Standing。【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：瀑布高24.5米，宽270米，是中国最宽的瀑布，在过去的几十年里吸引了800多万游客。结合句意表示“多宽”短语为atwidth。故填width。【41题详解】考查时态。句意：瀑布高24.5米，宽270米，是中国最宽的瀑布，在过去的几十年里吸引了800多万游客。根据后文duringthepastfewdecades可知为现在完成时，主语为waterfall，助动词用has。故填hasattracted。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：经过两年的重建，九寨沟85%的自然景观于2019年重新开放，门票价格从正常的220元降至169元（26美元）。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词85%ofthenaturalsightsinJiuzhaigou，先行词在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：经过两年的重建，九寨沟85%的自然景观于2019年重新开放，门票价格从正常的220元降至169元（26美元）。结合句意表示“从……降至……”可知短语为downfrom。故填from。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在参观了这些标志性的景点后，许多游客觉得这个景区和以前一样美丽。分析句子结构可知view在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语visitors构成主动关系，且表示动作的完成，应用havingdone形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Havingviewed。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：“我12年前看到的波光粼粼的湖泊和友善的当地藏族人依然如旧。”来自成都的中年游客洪爽说。此处为定语从句修饰先行词TheSparklingLakesandthefriendlylocalTibetans，先行词在从句中作宾语，既有人又有物，只能用that引导。故填that。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.2021年10月15日，联合国召开了生物多样化会议。假如你是校学生会主席李华，请向出席会议代表Mr.Smith写一封邀请函，请他来给你校学生做报告。内容包括：1.发出邀请；2.告知时间，地点；3.告知Mr.Smith你们想知道的内容。注意：1.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；2.写作词数应为80左右；3.参考词汇：联合国生物多样化大会UNBiodiversityConference DearMr.Smith,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearMr.Smith,WeareeagertoknowsomethingabouttheUNBiodiversityConferenceheldonOctober15,2021.Weknowthatyouareoneoftheattendants,soyouaresincerelyinvitedtodeliveraspeechtous.ThespeechisgoingtobeheldintheconferencehallinourschoolonthisSaturdaymorning.Wereallywanttoknowwhatadifferencebiodiversitymakestoourlivingconditions.Besides,youarereallyexpectedtogiveussomepracticalsuggestionsonhowtomakecontributionstobiodiversity.Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldsparesometimeandgiveusawonderfulspeech.Wearelookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。2021年10月15日，联合国召开了生物多样化会议。假如你是校学生会主席李华，请向出席会议代表Mr.Smith写一封邀请函，请他来给你校学生做报告。【详解】1.词汇积累演讲：lecture→speech渴望：longfor→beeagerto精彩的：great/splendid→wonderful 此外：furthermore→besides2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Weknowthatyouareoneoftheattendants,soyouaresincerelyinvitedtodeliveraspeechtous.拓展句：Youaresincerelyinvitedtodeliveraspeechtousbecauseweknowthatyouareoneoftheattendants.【点睛】[高分句型1]Weknowthatyouareoneoftheattendants,soyouaresincerelyinvitedtodeliveraspeechtous.(运用了that引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]Besides,youarereallyexpectedtogiveussomepracticalsuggestionsonhowtomakecontributionstobiodiversity.(运用了“疑问词+不定式”作宾语)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TimRobinson,aformerjuniorofficeroftheBritishArmy,wasonholidayinBridport,Dorset,atowninEngland.Whileenjoyingawalkdownthebeach,Timslippedonapieceofseaweedlyinginthesandandfell,breakinghisleg.Unfortunately,Timdidnotbringhiscellphonewithhimwhenheleftforhiswalk.Noonewasinsite,butasTimlayhelplessherememberedhismilitarytrainingandtriedtothinkaboutwhatwasaroundtohelphim.Afterstrugglingaroundonthebeach,thepainbecametoomuchtohandle.Hestoppedandthoughtaboutwhattodo.Withnophoneandnoonearound,andwithhisleghurtinggreatly,Timhadadecisiontomake.Hecouldeithercontinuethiswayinpainandhopethatsomeonehappenedtoseehim,orhecouldtrysomethingelse.Itdidn’tmatterthathisleghadmadehimpartiallyimmobile,Timstillhadtheabilitytocrawl(爬行),andsohedid.Thechoicewaseasy,butthecrawlwastough.TimtoldtheDailyMail,“AfterIcrawledtoaboutamile-and-a-quarterawayfromthecarpark,IstartedflashingmytorchinSOSandspinningitovermyheadtocreateaBuzz-Sawsignalwhichisawayofattractinghelicoptersinthearmedforces.”Nooneseemedtobearound.Atleast,noonecouldreadTim’ssignalsforhelp.Onceagain,hehadtoeitherstaywherehewasandwaitforhelporgetmoving.Inhismindhehadnochoice.Therewasnoresponsetobeginwith,sohecrawledforfiveminutesandcoveredabout50metersbefore makingthesamesignalthreetimes.Mostpeoplecouldn’timaginecrawlingforanydistancewithabrokenleg,butTimwasn’tabouttogiveup.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Timfinallygotaresponsefromthedistance.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Tim’sconditionwasworsethanMrs.Robinsonthought.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnepossibleversionTimfinallygotaresponsefromthedistance.Hewasexcitedtoseeatorchflashingback.Itwashiswifeshiningthetorchinresponsetohissignal.Thankfullyhiswifeknewsomethingmusthavebeenwrongandwentlookingforherhusband.Shekeptmovingtowardherhusband,shiningherlight.Allthewhile,Mrs.Robinsoncalledforhelp.Astheygotclosertoeachothershewaitedanxiouslyforhelptoarrive.Shehadnoideahowhurtherhusbandactuallywas.Tim’sconditionwasworsethanMrs.Robinsonthought.Tim’sbrokenleghurtincreasinglyworseandwasatriskofinfection.Heneededmedicalcareimmediately.Luckily,theambulancefinallyshowedup.Aftercheckinghisleg,themedicalworkerscouldn’tbelievewhathehadputhimselfthrough.Thismanhadcrawledsuchalongdistanceaftersufferingsuchawound.Ifithadn’t beenforhistraininginthearmy,hemightnothavemadeit.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了退伍军官TimRobinson独自在海边散步，不小心踩到水草滑倒在地，摔伤了腿。不幸的是，他既没有带手机，也无人可以求救。他利用之前的部队知识进行自救，经过多次不懈的尝试只能选择爬行，并利用手电筒发出求救信号。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“蒂姆终于得到了来自远方的回应。”可知，第一段可描写是谁给Tim做出回应，是如何回应的，又是如何找到Tim的。②由第二段首句内容“蒂姆的情况比罗宾逊太太想象的还要糟糕。”可知，第二段可描写Tim的伤情，得到的救助和医护人员感慨Tim的坚强意志。2.续写线索：妻子回应——妻子找到Tim——Tim的伤情——救护车到来——感慨Tim的坚强意志3.词汇激活行为类①照亮手电筒：shinethetorch/lightuptheflashlight②接近：getcloseto/comenearto③出现：showup/turnup情绪类①激动：beexcited/bethrilled②焦急：anxiously/fretfully【点睛】[高分句型1]Aftercheckinghisleg,themedicalworkerscouldn’tbelievewhathehadputhimselfthrough.(由what引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Ifithadn’tbeenforhistraininginthearmy,hemightnothavemadeit.(由if引导条件状语从句和虚拟语气)听力答案：1-5BCACB6-10CBCAB11-15CACBA16-20CBABA