重庆市万州二中2022-2023学年高二英语上学期开学试卷（Word版含答案）

万州二中2021级高二上期入学考试英语试题（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwilltheboydofirst?A.Playfootball.B.Gotothecinema.C.Finishhishomework.2.Whereisthenecklacenow?A.Inthesittingroom.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthebedroom.3.WhatisthewomanprobablyrelatedtoHenry?A.Hiscolleague.B.Hiswife.C.Hisboss.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Gototherestaurant.B.Typethedocument.C.Seeadentist.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.HemissedtheTVprogram.B.Hedoesn’tliketheprogramatall.C.Heexperiencesapowerfailureeverynight.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tocanceltheirplan.B.Tomakeaninvitation.C.Toaskforinformation.7.Whatdoesthemandecidetodothisevening?A.Seeabandshow.B.Accompanyhisparents.C.Buyticketsonline.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.What’swrongwiththewoman’sroom?A.It’snotquiet.B.It’salittledark.C.It’ssmelly.9.Whatisthewoman’sfinaldecision?A.Movingtoanotherroom.B.Checkinginanotherhotel.C.Waitingforanon-smokingroom.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whomdoesthewomanchoosejewelryfor?A.Herself.B.Hermother.C.Herfriend.11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Aringofsize6andalongnecklace.B.Aringofsize7andalongnecklace.C.Aringofsize7andashortnecklace.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthenecklace?A.Itspricedependsonitsquality.B.It’scheaperthanthering.C.Thelongeroneismoreexpensivethantheshorterone.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whencanpeopleenjoytheartexhibition?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnThursday.14.Howdoesthisyear’sballetperformancedifferfromthatoflastyear?A.Admissionisfree.B.Itwillbeatthetheater.C.Therewillbetwoperformances.15.Wherewillthemaskpartybeheld?A.Inthepiazza.B.Intheconcerthall.C.Inthetheater.16.HowmuchisafamilyticketforTheLittlePrince?A.$8.B.$10.C.$15. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whousuallyreadsthemorningannouncements?A.Timmy.B.Mr.McKinney.C.PrincipalJohnson.18.Whenisthelastdayofschool?A.May20th.B.NextWednesday.C.Onemonthfromtoday.19.Forwhatdoesthespeakerapologize?A.Thelibraryhours.B.Thehomework.C.Thecomputers.20.WhatwilltakeplaceonSaturdayafternoon?A.Asoftballgame.B.Abasketballgame.C.Abaseballgame.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHighestMountainsintheWorldMountKilimanjaroMountKilimanjaro,adormant(休眠的)volcano,isthehighestmountaininAfrica.Itssummitis5,895metersabovesealevel.LocatedinTanzania,itisthelargestfree-standingmountainriseintheworld,meaningitisnotpartofamountainrange.Kilimanjaroismadeupofthreevolcanoes:Kibo,Mawenzi,andShira.Kiboisthesummitofthemountainandthetallestofthethreevolcanicformations.WhileMawenziandShiraareextinct,Kiboisdormantandcouldpossiblyeruptagain.MountEverestMountEverestisthehighestmountaininAsiaandthehighestmountainintheworld.Itssummitis8,848.86metersabovesealevel.ItislocatedintheHimalayaMountainRangeontheborderofNepalandChina.TheChinesenameisChomolungma,whichmeans“MotherGoddessoftheWorld”.TheNepalinameisSagarmatha,whichhasvariousmeanings.DenaliDenaliisthehighestmountaininNorthAmerica.Itssummitis6,193metersabovesealevel.ItislocatedintheUSA,inthestateofAlaska.“Denali”comesfromKoyukon,atraditionalnativeAlaskanlanguage,andmeans“thetallone”.Thisnamehadbeenusedformanygenerationsandwasusedbyearlynon-nativeresearchersandnaturalists.Butin1896,WilliamA.Dickey,aprospector(探矿者),begancallingDenali“MountMcKinley”,inhonorofWilliamMcKinley,apresidentialcandidateatthetime.MountVinsonMountVinsonisthehighestmountainonAntarctica.Itssummitis5,140metersabovesealevel.ItislocatedinthesummitplateauofVinsonMassif,nearthebaseofthePalmerPeninsulainwesternAntarctica.MountVinsonispartoftheSentinelRangeoftheEllsworthMountains.ItwasspottedfromtheairbyU.S.pilotLincolnEllsworthin1935. 21.WhyisKibothemostdangerousoneamongthethreevolcanoes?A.Itisthehighestofthethreevolcanoes.B.Itiscoveredwithsnowallthroughtheyear.C.Itishometoagreatnumberofwildanimals.D.Itislikelytoeruptagainsometimesinthefuture.22.Whichmountainstandsbetweentwocountries?A.MountKilimanjaro.B.MountEverest.C.Denali.D.MountVinson.23.WhowasthefirsttodiscoverMountVinson?A.AJapanese.B.AnAustralian.C.AFrenchman.D.AnAmerican.BAsaseniorschoolgraduate,duringCOVID-19outbreak,I’vehadmanyconcerns,thegreatestoneofwhichwasbeingunabletohelpmycommunity,exceptforwearingmymask,followingthehealthofficials’guidelines,andassistingseniorstogettheirgroceries.Thenitstruckme.SolvingCOVID-19reliedonlyonindividualstepsandthegoodwillofhumanconsciousness.Butthenextchallengewehavetodealwithaheadisclimatechange,knownasthesilentpandemicwithoutavaccine.So,allIcouldthinkofwas:Whydon’twedothesame,anddealwithitthroughoureverydayactivities?I’vecreatedanApp,EnRoute,tohelpreducecarbonemissionsfromshoppingandtransportactivities.EventhoughI’venevercoded(编码)before,mywillwasgreaterthananyexcuseIcouldthinkof.Thefirstversionwasjustaone-screenApp.Throughthequarantines(隔离),I’vehadonly70peopletotesttheconceptwithandcreatedlittleimpact.Plus,leadingasocialorganizationseemedlikeasmallboatinaroughseatome.Butinsteadofgivingup,Ichosetofillthegap.AndthecoolestthingisthatthemoreIwaslearning,themorepeoplegotinterestedintheidea.Througheveryleadershipprogram,IbuiltastrongerEnRouteCommunitywhereeachpersonwasequallypassionateandbravetomakeachange.Theirenthusiasmwasmygreatestfuel.AtleastItraveledacrosstheworldwithoutasinglecarbonemission.Fastforwardtotoday,throughEnRoute,over4,000peoplereducedmorethan150,000kgcarbonemissions.TheAppturnedintoaninternationalmovement.AndIevenhadthepleasuretobethefirst-everMacedonianGlobalTeenLeader+PrincessDianaAwardWinner.Itturnsoutthatexceptforbeingagoodtimetoreflectandrelax,bridgeyearscanbeapowerfultooltochangetheworldaswell!24.HowdidtheauthorfeelduringCOVID-19?A.Upset.B.Alarmed.C.Worried.D.Ignorant.25.WhatinspiredtheauthortocreatetheApp,EnRoute? A.Individualdevotiontopandemicprevention.B.SimilaritybetweencarbonemissionsandCOVID-19.C.Theauthor’sinvolvementincommunityservice.D.Theinfluenceofhumanactivitiesonglobalwarming.26.WhatisthebenefitoftheApp?A.Itunitesmanycountries.B.Itgetsmanypeopletochange.C.Itinspirestheauthortoenjoyhimself.D.Itprovestheauthor’sabilitytochangeothers.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Patientandselfless.B.Ableandoutgoing.C.Creativeandgenerous.D.Determinedandresponsible.COctopuses(章鱼)inthewildhaveoftenbeenobservedchangingtheirskincolortocatchtheirfoodoravoidbeingcaught.Now,forthefirsttime,aresearcherhasshotanattractivevideoofanoctopuscalledHeidirapidlychangingintoaquantityofcolorswhiledreaming.Thevideo,partofOctopus:MakingContact,adocumentaryfirstshownonPBSonOctober2,2019,wasshotbyafishloverDavidScheel,whohasraisedHeidiinafishtanksinceshewasyoung.TheprofessoratAlaskaPacificUniversityinAnchoragebelievesthattheoctopus—whoseskinwentfrompalegraytoghostlywhitetodeep,darkviolet,beforechangingintoagreenish-browncamouflage(伪装)pattern—wasdreamingofcatchinghernextmeal.“She’sasleep;sheseesacrab,andhercolorstartstochangealittlebit,”Scheelsaysinthevideo.“Thensheturnsalldark.Octopuseswilldothatwhentheyleavethebottom.”Headds.“Thisisacamouflagelikeshe’sjustcaughtacrab,andnowshe’sgoingtositthereandeatit,andshedoesn’twantanyonetonoticeher.Ifshe’sdreaming,that’sthedream.”Scheel’stheoryaboutHeidi’spleasantdreamoriginatesfromthefactthatanimalswiththeabilitytocamouflagehaveneverbeenobservedchangingcolorssoabruptlywhilesleeping.Thehour-longdocumentary,whichtracksScheel’sdevelopingrelationshipwiththeoctopus,alsoshowsHeidi’sotherskills.Sheenjoysplayingwithsmalltoys,watchingtelevision—particularlyTheBigBangTheory—andsolvingpuzzles.Thetalentedoctopuscanalsoescapefromsmallspaces,usetools,andevenpressabuttononaremotecontrol.Likeanysmartfamilypet,HeidirecognizesScheelandhisteenagedaughterLauraandexcitedlyrushestohertank’ssideingreetingeverytimeeithercomesclose.28.Whatistheoctopusdoinginthevideo?A.Sleeping.B.Hunting.C.Dining.D.Hiding.29.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.TherelationshipbetweenScheelandHeidi. B.Theoctopus’dailyactivitiesinafishtank.C.Scheel’sguessingaboutthedreamofHeidi.D.Theresearchresultsaboutoctopuses’dream.30.Whatdoweknowaboutthedocumentary?A.Itrecordsanoctopus’dreamcontent.B.ItisfilmedandproducedbyLaura.C.Itshowsoctopuseschangecolorswhenhunting.D.ItisaboutanoctopusandherhostScheel.31.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AFishLoverRaisesanAmazingOctopusB.ADocumentaryaboutanOctopus’LifeHabitC.AnOctopusChangesColorsWhileSleepingD.AnImportantDiscoveryShownonPBSDBuyingfurnitureiseasierthanever.Youcanevenorderanewtableandchairsonlinewithouteverleavinghome.Butdidyoueverthinkabouthowfurnitureismade?Theprocessbeginswithtreesbutnowresearchershavefoundabetterway:growingitinalabinsteadofaforest.Insteadofcuttingdowntreesandaddingtodeforestation(砍伐森林),Velásquez-Garcíasaid,“Ifyouwantatable,thenyoushouldjustgrowatable.”Theresearchgroupfoundawaytoactuallygrowplanttissue(组织)—woodandfiber—inalabthatissimilartothewayculturedmeatisgrown.Whilethereisstillalongwaytoactuallygrowatable,theteamwasabletogrowstructuresfromcellsfromzinnialeaves.Makingfurnitureandotheritemsfrombiomaterialscouldeliminatecuttingdowntreesinforests.“Thewaywegetthesematerialshasn’tchangedincenturiesandisveryinefficient,”saidVelásquez-García.“Thisisarealchancetoavoidallthatinefficiency.”Thereareotherbenefitstousinglabwoodtoo.Labgrownwoodcanbehandledtotakeonanyshape—like3Dprinting—soitmaybepossibletobuildatablewithoutglueorscrewingpartstogether.Beckwith,amechanicalengineeringPhDstudent,wasinspiredbyavisittoafarmtotrytomakeland-usemoreefficientandenvironmentallysound.“Thatgotmethinking:Canwebemorestrategicaboutwhatwe’regettingoutofourprocess?Canwegetmoreoutputsforourinputs?”shetoldMITNews.“Iwantedtofindamoreefficientwaytouselandandresourcessothatwecouldletmorefarmlandsremainwild,ortoremainlowerproductionbutallowforgreaterbiodiversity.”Today,thetwolargestusesoftreesaretomakewoodproductsandpaper.Whennewbiomaterialsbecomereadilyavailable,forestswilllosetheireconomicvalueandwillbepreservedfortheirenvironmental,health,andrecreationalvalue.Theseresearchers,likeVelásquez-García,arespeakingforthetrees.32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofgrowingfurnitureaccordingtoparagraph1? A.Itturnsouttobeconvenient.B.It’llcutdowndailyexpense.C.Itmighthaveabrightfuture.D.It’sasimportantasmakingfurniture.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inparagraph3mean?A.Risk.B.Fancy.C.Remove.D.Delay.34.WhatisthepurposeofBeckwith’sgrowingfurniture?A.Tomakelargeprofits.B.Tokeepbiodiversity.C.Toincreaseproduction.D.Tousewildresources.35.What’sthekeytoprotectingforests?A.Wideuseofnewbiomaterials.B.Lessuseofwoodproductsandpaper.C.Makingeffectiveforestlaws.D.Caringmorefortheenvironment.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。UnusualweatherthissummerhashurtmanygardensintheUnitedStates.Formany,theproblemistoomuchrain.36Doyoustillwanttogrowtomatoes,rosesinthatsunnyplace?Itcanbedone.Wewilllookatthreewaysyoucanusetocorrecttheproblemoftoomuchwater.Onewayistodrain(排水)thewaterawaytosomelowerlocation.Thesimplestwayiswithaditch(沟),or,ifyourgardenislarge,afewditches.Ditchescrossingyourgardenneednotbeunpleasanttolookatortroublesome.Pictureagardeninwhichflatstoneslineditchesandformbridgesacrossditchesthatcrosspaths.37ThesewaterwaysmaylooklikeaclassicPersiangarden.38Digaditch,asdescribedabove,thenlayinblackpipethatisabout10centimetersacrossitswidth.Availableathomeandbuildingstores,thepipeismadetobendeasily,andtheholesinitletinwater.Coverthepipewithapieceofcloththatwatercanpassthroughtokeepoutdirtandalayerofsmallstones.39Athirdwaytogiveyourplantsmoreairistoraisethemabovethewater.Treesandbushescanbeplantedonraisedpilesofsoil,oftencalled“beds”.Thebedsneedtobewideenoughtoallowrootstospread.40Ifyouwantabiggerplant,giveitsrootsmoreroomtogrow.Tomakearaisedbed,buildaboxatleast15centimetershighofwoodorstone.A.Thenplacethesoil.B.Youhaveavarietyofplantstochoosefrom.C.Doyouwanttokeepyourgardenwhereitis? D.Doyouknowhowtoshelteryourgardeninthesun?E.Thewholesystemcanbeabeautifulwater“feature”.F.Howwidedependsontheeventualsizeoftheplant.G.Anotherwayistoburypipeswithsmallholesunderground.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A12-year-oldgirlfromMichiganisfightingformakinglawstobuildpublicrestroomsmoreaccessibleforthedisabled.GoodMorningAmericafirst41ZoeyHarrison’sstoryonTVin2018whenshehelpedsavetimeafterhermominventedtheBodycoat—aspecialcoatforchildrenwhouse42likeZoey.ThefirstbillZoeyintroducedtoStateRepresentativeGrahamFillerin201943increasingaccessibilityin44restrooms.Thesecondsuggestedadding45directionstoaccessiblerestroomstotheMichigan’sgovernmentwebsitesopeoplewithdisabilitiesknowwherethemost46onesareandplantripswiththeir47.MomJenniferHarrisonofIthaca,Michigan,toldGoodMorningAmericathatshe48ZoeywhenZoeywasa1-year-oldinanorphanage(孤儿院).“I’m49byhersomuch,”Harrisonsaid.“Disabilitydoesn’tstopherfromreachingher50tohelpawholebunchofpeopleandshehasno51tospeakup.”Zoeywouldalsoliketoseemorefamilyrestroomsand52mapssopeopleknowwheretofindthem.Shehopestovisitamusementparks,restaurants,storesand53thepublicequipment.IftheymeetZoey’sapprovalaswellasthatofthechecklist’sunderherproposedbills,thoseplaceswould54anofficial“Z-sealofapproval”.Hermessagetofellowkids:“Alwaysbekindand55andnomatterwhat,youcanmakeadifference.”41.A.reportedB.interviewedC.describedD.written42.A.flashlightsB.glassesC.phonesD.wheelchairs43.A.tookupB.turneddownC.focusedonD.putoff44.A.beautifulB.publicC.newD.decorated45.A.traditionalB.clearC.privateD.individual46.A.suitableB.expensiveC.enjoyableD.modern47.A.petsB.teachersC.familiesD.fans48.A.abandonedB.knewC.blamedD.adopted49.A.disappointedB.amazedC.puzzledD.excited50.A.goalsB.standardsC.stagesD.agreements51.A.humorB.courageC.patienceD.shyness52.A.sellB.preserveC.createD.change53.A.repairB.destroyC.examineD.touch 54.A.borrowB.purchaseC.refuseD.receive55.A.nervousB.helpfulC.intelligentD.handsome第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthe1940s,Chinareported30millioncasesofmalaria(疟疾)eachyear.Inthe1950s,Chinesehealthauthorities56(begin)introducingmeasurestotreatandpreventthedisease.Now,aftera70-yearcampaignandmorethanfouryearsofzeronewcases,Chinaisofficiallymalariafree,57(recognize)bytheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO).TheWHOgivesmalaria-freecertificates(证明)tocountrieswhentheyhavepresentedthatthey’vestoppednationwidespread58atleastthreecontinuousyears.Countriesalsoneedtohavemonitoringandreactingsystemsinplace59canpreventindigenouscasesofthediseasefromcomingback—indigenousinthiscasemeaninginfected(感染)60(local)fromanativemosquito.Fortycountriesandregions61(give)thecertificatesofar,accordingtotheWHO.Inthe1970s,throughagovernmentproject,ChinesescientistTuYouyoudiscoveredartemisinin,themost62(power)anti-malariadrug.63breakthrough,basedontraditionalChinesemedicine,ledtoaNobelPrizeforTuin2015.“Overmanydecades,China’sability64(think)outsidetheboxservedthecountrywellinitsown65(respond)tomalaria,andalsohadasignificanteffectglobally,”notesDr.PedroAlonso,DirectoroftheWHOGlobalMalariaProgramme.第四部分单词拼写(每小题1分，满分15分）66.Everyyear,we___________(出口)manypumpkinstoothercountries.67.Myfatherwasoncethegreatphysicist’s___________(助手)andtheytwohadmuchincommon.68.Hewasfacedwiththe_______________(进退两难的境地)ofwhetherornottoreturntohiscountry.69.People_____________(抱怨)abouthowchildrenspendsomuchtimeoncomputergames.70.Whencaughtbythepoliceonthespot,she____________(承认)havingdriventhecarwithoutinsurance.71.Itsuddenly_____________(出现)tohimthathehadlefthisdictionaryintheoffice.72.Thechildren_____________(挣得)theirallowancebydoingchoresaroundthehouse.73.Thecompanyisin_____________(财政上的)difficulties,sothegovernment’shelpisneeded.74.Shehaspublishedmorethan20booksincludingnovels,_______________(诗歌)andliterarycriticism75.Thedoctoradvisedhimtotrytoavoidfoodswhich______________(含有)alotoffat.76.The_______________(大多数)ofthepopulationinthecountrylivesincities.77.Wehavelaunchedacampaigntosupportthesustainableuseofnatural_______________(资源).78.________________(判断)fromhisappearance,themanagercan’tbeover60yearsold.79.Don’t_______________(犹豫)tomakecommentsorsuggestion。 80.Despitehis_________________(缺乏)ofexperience,hedesiredtogetthejob.第四部分书面表达（满分25分）假定你是正在伦敦读书的李华,你校成立了一个动物保护协会,需要一批志愿者加入,你受协会委托写一则招聘广告,内容包括:1. 协会成立的目的;2.应聘条件;3.协会主要活动。注意:1.写作词数100字左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。VolunteersWanted_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案第一部分听力1—5CCABA6—10BCAAB11—15BAACB16—20CACCB第二部分阅读21—23DBD24—27CABD28—31ACDC32—35CCBA36—40CEGAF第三部分语言运用完形填空41—45ADCBB46—50ACDBA51—55DCCDB语法填空56.began57.recognized58.for59.that/which60.locally61.havebeengiven62.powerful63.The64.tothink65.response第四部分单词拼写66.export67.assistant68.dilemma69.complain70.admitted71.occurred72.earned73.financial74.poetry/poems75.contain76.majority/most77.resources78.Judging79.hesitate80.lack第五部分书面表达 Volunteerswanted!    Tohelppeoplelearnmoreaboutanimalsandimprovetheirawarenessofanimalprotection,ourschoolhassetupanassociationandvolunteersareneeded.    Ifyoutakeaninterestinitandhavemuchknowledgeofcaringforandprotectinganimals,pleasejoinus.Besides,weneedtocooperatewithvolunteersfromothercountries,soasecondlanguagebesidesEnglishisalsorequired.Moreover,youaresupposedtohaveagoodabilitytocommunicatewithothers.We’llregularlyholdsomeactivitieslikehandingoutleafletsandholdingpictureexhibitionsonweekends,soyoushouldbeavailableonweekends.    Let’smakejointeffortstoprotectanimals.Lookingforwardtoyourparticipation.A篇本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上最高的四座山峰。21.D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“WhileMawenziandShiraareextinct,Kiboisdormantandcouldpossiblyeruptagain.”可知，Mawenzi和Shira都是死火山，而Kibo是休眠火山，可能会再次爆发。因此，Kibo是三个火山中最危险的。故选D。22.B细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“ItislocatedintheHimalayaMountainRangeontheborderofNepalandChina.”可知，珠穆朗玛峰位于尼泊尔和中国的交界处。故选B。23.D细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“ItwasfirstspottedfromtheairbyU.S.pilotLincolnEllsworthin1935.”可知，最先发现文森峰的是一位美国飞行员。故选D。B篇本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了疫情期间作者受社区互帮互助的启发，开发出了一款能够帮助人们减少在购物和交通活动中的碳排放的应用程序EnRoute。24.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’vehadmanyconcerns,thegreatestoneofwhichwasbeingunabletohelpmycommunity.”可知，作者有许多担忧，其中最大的担忧是无法帮助他的社区。由此可知，在疫情期间，作者感到很担忧。故选C。25.A推理判断题。通读第二段可知，解决新冠疫情只能依靠个人的行动和人类的善意。但人类必须应对的下一个挑战——气候变化，是无法用疫苗来解决的。因此，作者想到可以通过每个人的日常活动来应对全球变暖。由此可推知，新冠疫情期间，个人在疫情预防方面做出的贡献给予了作者启发，从而开发出了EnRoute这款应用程序。故选A。26.B推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“AndthecoolestthingisthatthemoreIwaslearning,themorepeoplegotinterestedintheidea.”和第五段第一句“Fastforwardtotoday,throughEnRoute,over4,000peoplereducedmorethan150,000kgcarbonemissions.”可知，这款应用程序让很多人产生兴趣并参与进来，降低了碳排放量。由此可推知，这款应用程序的好处是让很多人做出了改变。故选B。 27.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I’vehadmanyconcerns,thegreatestoneofwhichwasbeingunabletohelpmycommunity.”可知，作者为疫情深感担忧；结合第三段最后一句“Butinsteadofgivingup,Ichosetofillthegap.”可知，作者排除万难研发应用程序，越挫越勇，不断改进。由此可推知，作者是一位有着坚定决心和强烈社会责任心的人。故选D。C篇本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一只章鱼在睡觉时改变身体颜色的视频的相关情况。28.A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“dreamingofcatchinghernextmeal”可知，视频中的这只章鱼正在睡觉。故选A。29.C段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，Scheel分析了章鱼Heidi在睡觉时会改变自己身体颜色的原因。由此可推知，第三段介绍了Scheel对Heidi的梦的内容的猜测。故选C。30.D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Thehour-longdocumentary,whichtracksScheel’sdevelopingrelationshipwiththeoctopus,alsoshowsHeidi’sotherskills.”可知，这部纪录片记录了Scheel和章鱼Heidi的关系的发展以及Heidi的其他技能。由此可推知，它是关于一只章鱼及其主人的纪录片。故选D。31.C标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一只章鱼在睡觉时会改变身体颜色的视频的相关情况。C项“一只章鱼在睡觉时改变自己身体的颜色”概括了文章大意，是最适合本文的标题。故选C。D篇本文是一篇说明文。为了减少对森林的砍伐，研究人员开始在实验室内用生物材料培育家具，这样对于环保将大有裨益。32.C推理判断题。根据第一段内容尤其是第四句中的“butnowresearchershavefoundabetterway:growingitinalabinsteadofaforest”可知，但是现在研究人员找出了一种更好的方法，即在实验室里培育家具而不是砍伐森林。由此可推知，作者对培育家具是赞同的，并认为它可能会有着光明的未来。故选C。33.C词义猜测题。根据第三段第二、三句“‘Thewaywegetthesematerialshasn’tchangedincenturiesandisveryinefficient,’saidVelásquez-García.‘Thisisarealchancetoavoidallthatinefficiency.’”可知，Velásquez-García表示，我们获取这些材料的方式几个世纪以来都没有改变，而且效率非常低，这是一个避免所有低效率的真正机会。由此可知，画线词所在句表示用生物材料和其他物品制造家具可以杜绝砍伐森林中的树木。由此可推知，画线词意为“清除，根除”，与C项意思相近。故选C。34.B目的意图题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Iwantedtofindamoreefficientwaytouselandandresourcessothatwecouldletmorefarmlandsremainwild,ortoremainlowerproductionbutallowforgreaterbiodiversity.”可知，Beckwith说她想找到一种更有效的方式来使用土地和资源，以便人们可以让更多的耕地保持野生状态，或者保持较低的产量，但要考虑让这些耕地有更丰富的生物多样性。由此可推知，Beckwith在室内培育家具的目的是保持生物多样性。故选B。35.A细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Whennewbiomaterialsbecomereadilyavailable,forestswilllosetheireconomicvalueandwillbepreservedfortheirenvironmental,health,andrecreationalvalue.”可知，当新的生物材料变得容易获得时，森林将失去其经济价值，并将因其环境、健康和娱乐价值而得到保护。由此可知，保护森林的关键是使新的生物材料得到广泛使用。故选A。 第二节本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了夏季雨水过多的时候，人们如何在花园里进行排水和种植植物。36.C上文讲今年夏天不寻常的天气破坏了美国的许多花园。对于许多人来说，问题就是积水太多；下文讲你还想在阳光明媚的地方种植西红柿、玫瑰吗？这是可以做到的。C项“你想你的花园不被破坏吗”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。37.E上文讲想象一个花园，那里平坦的石头沿着沟渠排列，沟渠和小路之间架起桥梁。E项“整个系统可以是一处美丽的‘水景’”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。38.G此处是本段的主题句。本段主要介绍了在地下埋置带有小孔的管道来排水这一方法。G项“另一种方法是在地下埋置带有小孔的管道”统领全段，符合语境。故选G。39.A本段主要介绍了在地下埋置带有小孔的管道来排水。上文讲在管道上裹一层可以让水通过的织物，以阻隔灰尘和小石块进入。A项“然后盖上土壤”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。40.F上文讲苗床需要足够宽，以便让植物根系蔓延；下文讲如果你想要一棵更大的植物，那就要给它的根提供更多的生长空间。F项“宽度取决于植株最终生长的规模”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了残障女孩Zoey向政府官员提议增设公共卫生间，并希望在政府的网站上标注残障人士可用的卫生间的故事。41.A考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“onTV”及语境可知，《早安美国》在2018年首次报道了ZoeyHarrison的故事。A项意为“报道”，符合语境。故选A。42.D考查名词辨析。根据第三段中的“Disabilitydoesn’tstopherfromreachingher_____tohelpawholebunchofpeople”可知，Zoey是一名残障儿童，此处指Zoey的母亲发明了一种特制外套Bodycoat，专供像Zoey一样使用轮椅的儿童使用。D项意为“轮椅”，符合语境。故选D。43.C考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，Zoey第一个提案的重点是提升公共卫生间的无障碍性。C项意为“着力于，集中于”，符合语境。故选C。44.B考查形容词辨析。根据第一段第一句“A12-year-old-oldgirlfromMichiganisfightingformakinglawstobuildpublicrestroomsmoreaccessibleforthedisabled.”可知，Zoey第一个提案的重点是提升公共卫生间的无障碍性。B项意为“公共的”，符合语境。故选B。45.B考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“sopeoplewithdisabilitiesknowwherethemost_____onesareandplantrips”及语境可知，Zoey的第二个提案是在政府的网站上增加可使用的洗手间的明确指示。B项意为“明确的”，符合语境。故选B。46.A考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，Zoey建议在政府的网站上增加可使用的洗手间的明确指示，这样残障人士就能知道最适合自己的洗手间在哪里。A项意为“合适的”，符合语境。故选A。47.C考查名词辨析。根据最后一段中的“Zoeywouldalsoliketoseemorefamilyrestrooms”及语境可知，当政府网站上有了可供残障人士使用的卫生间的明确指示后，残障人士也可以安排和家人们的出行了。C项意为“家人”，符合语境。故选C。48.D考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“whenZoeywasa1-year-oldinanorphanage(孤儿院)”及语境可知，JenniferHarrison在Zoey一岁时收养了她。D项意为“收养”，符合语境。故选D。49.B考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“Disabilitydoesn’tstopherfromreachingher_____tohelpawholebunchofpeopleandshehasno_____tospeakup.”及语境可知，Zoey的表现让 JenniferHarrison感到很惊讶。B项意为“惊讶的”，符合语境。故选B。50.A考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“tohelpawholebunchofpeople”及语境可知，帮助很多人是Zoey的目标，而身体的残障没有阻止Zoey去实现目标。A项意为“目标”，符合语境。故选A。51.D考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，Zoey不会感到害羞且敢于说出自己的观点。D项意为“害羞”，符合语境。故选D。52.C考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“sopeopleknowwheretofindthem”及语境可知，Zoey还希望看到更多的家庭式卫生间并创建地图，以便让人们知道在哪里可以找到它们。C项意为“创建”，符合语境。故选C。53.C考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“IftheymeetZoey’sapprovalaswellasthatofthechecklist’sunderherproposedbills”可知，Zoey希望自己能参观游乐园、餐厅、商店并检查这些公共设施，看这些设备是否达到了她的认可程度。C项意为“检查，检验”，符合语境。故选C。54.D考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，凡是（设备）达标的地方都会收到官方的“Z批准”。D项意为“收到”，符合语境。故选D。55.B考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“Alwaysbekind”及语境可知，始终保持善良和乐于助人，无论如何，你都可以有所作为，这是Zoey给同龄人的建议。故选B。