河南省中原名校2022-2023学年高二英语上学期第一次联考试卷（Word版含解析）

中原名校2022-2023学年上期第一次联考高二英语试题(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Editorandreader.B.Husbandandwife.C.Customerandsalesperson.2.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?A.Searchforthelake.B.Hikealongtheeasypath.C.Climbupthemountain.3.Howmuchwillthemanreceivefromhisfather?A.400yuan.B.600yuan.C.800yuan.4.Whatdoesthemanprobablymean?A.Hewantstohavearest.B.Heagreestogotothecinema.C.Hewillhaveabasketballgame.5.Whichtouristspotdoesthewomanhighlyrecommend?A.TheGreatWall.B.TheForbiddenCity.C.TheSummerPalace.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.FeaturesofChinesefood.B.Arecipeforchickensoup.C.AlocalChineserestaurant.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedinner? A.Oily.B.Light.C.Tasty.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howdoesthemanoftengettotheoffice?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Bymotorcycle.9.HowmuchtimedoesMaryusuallyspendonherwaytowork?A.15minutes.B.20minutes.C.40minutes.10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Atasubwaystation.C.Atthemeetingroom.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydidthewomanmakethemistake?A.Shewasill.B.Shewasforgetful.C.Shewassilly.12.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Simon’simpressionofher.B.Thepossibilityofherdismissal.C.Thecompany’spotentiallosses.13.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Makeanapology.B.Forgetaboutit.C.Findanotherjob.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Takealocaltrip.B.VisittheStadium.C.Attendawintercamp.15.Whoonceworkedasavolunteeratthisyear’sWinterOlympics?A.Tom.B.Jack.C.Susan.16.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheinvitationatfirst?A.Curious.B.Hesitant.C.Uninterested.17.Whydoesthewomanchangehermindintheend?A.Becauseshecanlearnhowtoski.B.Becauseherfriendwillgotheretoo.C.Becausetheywillsavealotofmoney.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdowelearnaboutChunfen? A.Itdatesbackto400yearsago.B.Itisthethirdtermofthelunarcalendar.C.Thedaytimeisequaltothenighttime.19.WhyisChunfenbelievedtobetheidealtimeforegg-standing?A.Becausespringistheseasonofluck.B.Becausetheearthisinabalancedposition.C.Becausepeoplehaveabettersenseofdirection.20.WhydidpeopleflykitesonChunfeninancienttimes?A.Toplaywithstrings.B.Toseekmedicalresources.C.Tomakewishesforgoodhealth.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ABecomingaNatureLoverthroughCitizenScienceCitizenScienceisaneducationseriesfeaturingworkshopsonavarietyoftopicsinarelaxedandinspiringenvironment.Thereisnomonetaryregistrationfee;instead,eachinstructorsuggestsitemsorservicestheywillacceptinexchangeforclassparticipation.Ourvolunteerinstructorspreparebasedonhowmanypeoplesignup,sopleaseonlysignupifyouwillactuallyattend.DateFriday,May4Time8:30am—10:30amClassdescriptionInterestedinstudyingnature,feelingmoreconnectedtoyoursurroundings,helpingthenaturalenvironment,butnotsurewheretostart?JoinusonaPowerPointtourthroughtheinstructor’sfavoritecitizenscienceplatformsthatapplytoourregion.Justthroughbeingobservantonadailywalk,youcansubmitmeaningfuldatatoscientistswhowilluseyourdatatotakemeaningfulconservationsteps!We’llshowyouhow!It’seasy!Suggesteditemsinexchangeforthisclass*Bakedsnacks *Homemadepreservedfoods*Houseplants*Natureart(drawmeapicture?)AbouttheinstructorKelseyFreyisthemanagerofeducationandoutreach(外展服务)forYorkCountyParks,part-timeenvironmentaleducatorforLancasterCountyParks,andrunsherownbusiness,CreativeNatureWorks,inhersparetime.Kelsey’spassionateaboutmanynaturalhistorytopics,includingbutterflies,andlandscapingwithnativeplants.1.Whoaremostlikelytoattendtheclass?A.Artlovers.B.Outdoorfitnesslovers.C.VolunteersfondofcookingD.Localpeopleinterestedinnature.2.Whichofthefollowingcanparticipantsprovideinexchangefortheclass?A.Second-handclothes.B.Homemadetomatosauce.C.Anunusedhoneypot.D.Anewlyboughtnotebook.3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheinstructor?A.Sheisafull-timeteacher.B.ShemanagesLancasterCountyParks.C.SheisinchargeofCreativeNatureWorks.D.Sheisactivelybusywithcommunitywork.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是CitizenScience这个教育课程。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据Time部分的“Interestedinstudyingnature,feelingmoreconnectedtoyoursurroundings,helpingthenaturalenvironment,butnotsurewheretostart?JoinusonaPowerPointtourthroughtheinstructor’sfavoritecitizenscienceplatformsthatapplytoourregion.(对研究自然感兴趣，感觉与周围的环境更紧密相连，帮助自然环境，但不确定从哪里开始？加入我们的PowerPoint之旅，浏览讲师最喜欢的适用于我们地区的公民科学平台。)”可知，当地对大自然感兴趣的人最有可能来上课。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Suggesteditemsinexchangeforthisclass部分的“Homemadepreserved foods(自制的保存食物)”可知，参与者可以提供自制番茄酱作为课程的交换，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Abouttheinstructor部分的“KelseyFreyisthemanagerofeducationandoutreachforYorkCountyParks,part-timeenvironmentaleducatorforLancasterCountyParks,andrunsherownbusiness,CreativeNatureWorks,inhersparetime.(凯尔西·弗雷是YorkCountyParks的教育和推广经理，LancasterCountyParks的兼职环境教育家，并在业余时间经营着自己的企业——CreativeNatureWorks。)”可知，导师是负责CreativeNatureWorks的。故选C。BWhenIfoundanadvertisementforaconferencebychance,Icouldn’twaittotellmycoworkers.Itlookedlikeagreatdayofpresentationshighlyrelevanttoourresearch,andIexpectedtheywouldbeeagertoattendwithme.However,noonewasinterested.Ayearearlier,IleftIndiafortheUnitedKingdomtopursuemyresearchcareer.Atwork,Ishiedawayfromengagingindiscussionsorputtingforwardmyopinions.IwasafraidmycoworkerswouldrealizehowweakIreallyfelt.Somemorningsjuststeppingoutofmyroomandgoingintothelabseemedatoughtask.Socializingdidn’thelp,asIconstantlyfearedcommittingsocialmistakes.Ilongedfornewexperiences,butmyinsecuritiespreventedme.Istartedtokeepmoreandmoretomyself.Thatbegantochangeafteraquietbreakdowninthelabprompted(促使)metocontacttheuniversity’smentalhealthservices.TheconsultantsuggestedIattendanearbyconcertbyafamoussingerfrommyhomecountry.Icouldn’tmissit.So,thereIwasinthepackedconcerthall,surroundedbystrangers—allofusclappingandsingingthechorusesofthefamiliarsongs.Itwasabeautifulnight,anditprovedtobeaturningpoint.Mygrowingself-confidencecarriedoverintomywork,whereIstartedtospeakupandputforwardmyopinions.Iofferedtohelpcoworkersdesignandtroubleshootexperiments.Ibegantoaskquestionsduringdepartmentalmeetings.Ifinallyfeltlikeanactivememberofthegroup.So,whenthatconferencecamearound,Ifeltcomfortableregisteringtoattendonmyown-andI’msogladIdid.NotonlydidImeetthespeakers,butIalsointroducedmyselftootherattendees.Theencountersinspiredmetocriticallyevaluatemyownprofessionalinterests.4.Howdidtheauthorprobablyfeelatfirstabouthiscoworkers’response? A.Eager.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.D.Uninterested.5.Whydidtheauthorcontactthementalhealthservices?A.Hewantedtosolveaconflict.B.Hestruggledtoconductresearch.C.Heoftenmadebigmistakesinsocializing.D.Helackedconfidenceinanewenvironment.6.Whathappenedduringtheconcert?A.Theauthorgottheconsultant’shelp.B.Theauthorsangalongwiththestrangeaudience.C.Theauthormetwithapreviouscoworker.D.Theauthorconnectedasongwithhisresearch.7.Whatdidtheauthordoatlast?A.Hewenttotheconferencealone.B.Heturnedtoexpertsforadvice.C.Hetookfullchargeofthelab.D.Hechangedhisprofessionalinterests.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者曾经害怕犯社交错误而不跟人来往，后来联系了大学的心理健康服务机构后情况开始变化，作者的自信不断增长，并延续到工作中。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“WhenIfoundanadvertisementforaconferencebychance,Icouldn’twaittotellmycoworkers.Itlookedlikeagreatdayofpresentationshighlyrelevanttoourresearch,andIexpectedtheywouldbeeagertoattendwithme.However,noonewasinterested.(当我偶然发现一个会议的广告时，我迫不及待地告诉我的同事。看起来这是一个与我们的研究高度相关的演讲的伟大的一天，我希望他们会渴望和我一起参加。然而，没有人感兴趣。)”可知，对于同事们的反应，作者一开始可能会感到失望，故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Socializingdidn’thelp,asIconstantlyfearedcommittingsocialmistakes.Ilongedfornewexperiences,butmyinsecuritiespreventedme.Istartedtokeepmoreandmoretomyself.Thatbegantochangeafteraquietbreakdowninthelabpromptedmetocontacttheuniversity’smentalhealthservices.( 社交并没有帮助我，因为我总是害怕犯社交错误。我渴望新的体验，但我的不安全感阻止了我。我开始越来越不跟人来往了。在实验室里的一次安静的崩溃促使我联系了大学的心理健康服务机构后，情况开始发生了变化。)”可知，作者联系心理健康服务机构是因为他在新环境中缺乏信心。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“So,thereIwasinthepackedconcerthall,surroundedbystrangers—allofusclappingandsingingthechorusesofthefamiliarsongs.(所以，我在拥挤的音乐厅里，被陌生人包围着——我们所有人都在鼓掌，合唱着熟悉的歌曲。)”可知，音乐会期间作者和陌生的观众一起唱歌。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So,whenthatconferencecamearound,Ifeltcomfortableregisteringtoattendonmyown-andI’msogladIdid.(所以，当那个会议召开的时候，我很乐意自己报名参加——我很高兴我这么做了。)”可知，作者最后一个人去参加了那个会议。故选A。CHeatcankill.Itlowersaworker’sabilitytoconcentrateandleadstonotableincreasesinworkplaceinjuries,researchsuggests.Yet,forreasonsincludingfinancialneed,workplacepressureandalackofawarenessofthehealthimpactsofhightemperatures,manypeoplecontinuetoworkpasttheirheattolerance.Outdoorworkers,notablythosewithintheconstructionandagriculturalindustry,arethemostaffectedbyrisingheat.EventhefittestpeopleintheworldareimpressionableliketheOlympicathletescollapsinginthebakingheatofTokyo.Therearesomeeasywaystoreducetheriskofheatexhaustion(热衰竭).Optimizingworkhourstoavoidworkersbeingoutwhenthesunisatitshottestmayhavethegreatesteffectonemployeehealth.Individualized,wearablesensorscouldbeausefultoolfordetermininglikelyheatexhaustion.Earlyadoptionofthesedeviceswouldbeawin-win,accordingtoDrJenniferRunkle,anenvironmentalepidemiologist(流行病学家):boostingproductivityandreducinginjury“whileensuringthehealthandsafetyofanageingworkforceandreducingtheriskofheatexhaustion”.Widertake-upofwearableheatsensorsbyemployees,employersandhealthcareproviderswouldalsohelpovercomegapsinheatawareness. “Oneimportantfindingwediscoveredinourresearchwithoutdoorworkersisthattherewasamismatchbetweenworkersabilitytosenseheatriskandtheiractualexposuretoextremeheatgainedbywearables”,saidDrRunkle.Anotheraidcouldbewearablecoolingtechnology,butsuchdevicesarelimitedinavailability.OnesuchdeviceisSony’sReonPocket2,whichitlaunchedinApril.Awearablecoolingorwarmingdeviceworninsideclothing,ituseselectricalconductorsthattransfer(转移)heatwhenelectricityisrunthroughthem.Therearepromisingexamplesofcompaniestakingmoreresponsibilityforprotectingworkersfromextremeheat,suchasmanagersofbusdriversinJinan,China.Responsibleemployersshouldbeprovidingdrinksandshadedrestareastooutdoorworkers.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impressionable”inparagraph2mean?A.Highlyimpressive.B.Slightlysensible.C.Easilyinfluenced.D.Hardlyevaluated.9.WhatdidDrRunklefindout?A.Theworkforcewasageingrapidly.B.Wearableheatsensorslackedgreataccuracy.C.Employersattachedlittleimportancetoheatexhaustion.D.Workers’heatawarenessandactualheatweredifferent.10.WhyarebusdriversinJinanmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.TostressthepopularityofReonPocket2.B.Toshowtheiremployersareresponsible.C.Torevealtheyareverytolerantofextremeheat.D.Todescribetheirunbearablepressureofwork.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AdjustmentstoWorkHoursCanBeLife-saving.B.CampaignersAreCallingforWorkplaceProtection.C.HowCanNewTechnologyProtectOutdoorWorkers?D.HowWereBodyTemperatureMonitorsInvented?【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.C【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是减少户外工作的员工中暑风险的两种新技术。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Outdoorworkers,notablythosewithintheconstructionandagriculturalindustry,arethemostaffectedbyrisingheat.(户外工作人员，尤其是建筑业和农业行业的工作人员，受高温影响最大。)”可知，划线词所在句子的意思是“即使是世界上最健康的人也容易受影响，就像奥运会运动员在东京的高温中倒下一样”，划线词impressionable的意思是“容易受影响”，和Easilyinfluenced意思相近，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的““Oneimportantfindingwediscoveredinourresearchwithoutdoorworkersisthattherewasamismatchbetweenworkersabilitytosenseheatriskandtheiractualexposuretoextremeheatgainedbywearables”,saidDrRunkle.(朗克尔博士说:“我们在对户外工作者的研究中的一个重要发现是，工作者感知热风险的能力与他们实际接触到的可穿戴设备带来的极端高温之间存在不匹配。”)”可知，DrRunkle发现工人的热意识与实际热情况不同。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Therearepromisingexamplesofcompaniestakingmoreresponsibilityforprotectingworkersfromextremeheat,suchasmanagersofbusdriversinJinan,China.(在保护员工免受酷暑伤害方面，有一些公司承担更多责任的例子，比如中国济南公交车司机的管理人员。)”可知，最后一段提到济南的公交车司机是为了显示他们的雇主是负责任的。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段的“Individualized,wearablesensorscouldbeausefultoolfordetermininglikelyheatexhaustion.(个性化的可穿戴传感器可能是确定可能的中暑衰竭的有用工具。)”和倒数第二段的“Anotheraidcouldbewearablecoolingtechnology,butsuchdevicesarelimitedinavailability.(另一种帮助可能是可穿戴冷却技术，但这种设备的可用性有限。)”可知，本文主要讲的是减少户外工作的员工中暑风险的两种新技术，因此最好的标题是C选项“HowCanNewTechnologyProtectOutdoorWorkers?(新技术如何保护户外工作者？)”，故选C。DGratitudeismorethanjustsaying‘thankyou’tosomeonewhohashelpedusorgivenusagift. Gratitudeisadeeperappreciationforsomeoneorsomethingthatmakesusfeelapositiveemotion.Andthispositiveemotioncanbegoodforourhealth—ouremotionalandphysicalhealth,aswellasthehealthofourrelationships.Let’sstartbylookingattheemotionalormentalhealthbenefitsofexpressinggratitude.Therehavebeenmanystudies,asdescribedina2018paperfromtheGreaterGoodScienceCentertitled‘TheScienceofGratitude’,showingthatwritingagratitudelettertoanotherpersonorwritinginagratitudejournal,ifdoneregularly,improvesmentalhealth.Onereasonforthisisthatgratitudestopsusfromrethinkingonunpleasure,negativeemotions,andwritinga‘thankyou’letter,forexample,shiftsourattentionsothatwefocusonpositiveemotions.Butevenifwedon’tshareourwritingwithanyone,likeinajoural,theactofcompletingtheexercisealonemakesushappierandmoresatisfiedwithlife.Andthisgetsbetterwithtime.Asweareessentiallytrainingourbraintobemoreintunewithnoticingthepositive,afterseveralweeksormonths,thisbecomesmoreintuitive(凭直觉的).Andso,themoreweexpressgratitude,themorepositivewefeel.Gratitudecanalsomakeusfeelgoodinourbodies.Therearestudieslinkingagratitudepracticetobettersleepquality,bettereatinghabits,andreducedinflammation(炎症)inpeoplewhohavehadheartproblems.Sogratitudeisclearlygoodforus,butisitalsogoodforthepeopleinourlives?Thesimpleansweris‘yes’.Whenshared—spokenorwritten—gratitudeisaboutfeelingvaluedandhelpingothersfeelvaluedtoo.Feelingvaluedcanhelpbuildstrongerrelationships—beitwithfamily,partners,friendsorevencolleagues.Andthat’sontopofalltheotherways—gratitudeisclearlygoodforus.Maybeweshouldallstopcountingsheeporcountingcaloriesandstartcountingourblessingsinstead.12.WhatcanwedoregularlytoimproveourmentalhealthaccordingtoPara.2?A.Givinggifts.B.Keepingdiaries.C.Sharingourstories.D.Writingthank-youletters.13.Whatarethebenefitsofgratitudepracticefromsomestudies?A.Highersleepquality.B.Worseeatinghabits.C.Keepinggoodfigure.D.Preventingheartproblems.14.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Weshouldexpressgratitudebetter.B.Weshouldfocusonpositiveemotions. C.Gratitudeisgoodforouremotionalormentalhealth.D.Feelingvaluedcanhelpbuildstrongerrelationships.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.EntertainmentB.TravelC.HealthD.Education【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了表达感激对健康有好处。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Therehavebeenmanystudies,asdescribedina2018paperfromtheGreaterGoodScienceCentertitled‘TheScienceofGratitude’,showingthatwritingagratitudelettertoanotherpersonorwritinginagratitudejournal,ifdoneregularly,improvesmentalhealth.(正如大善科学中心2018年一篇题为《感恩的科学》的论文所描述的那样，许多研究表明，如果定期给别人写感谢信或写感恩日记，可以改善心理健康)”可知，我们可以通过给别人写感谢信或写感恩日记来改善心理健康。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Therearestudieslinkingagratitudepracticetobettersleepquality,bettereatinghabits,andreducedinflammation(炎症)inpeoplewhohavehadheartproblems.(有研究表明，对有心脏问题的人来说，感恩与更好的睡眠质量、更好的饮食习惯和减少炎症有关)”可知，感恩练习可以提高睡眠质量。故选A项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Gratitudeisadeeperappreciationforsomeoneorsomethingthatmakesusfeelapositiveemotion.Andthispositiveemotioncanbegoodforourhealth—ouremotionalandphysicalhealth,aswellasthehealthofourrelationships.(感恩是对某人或某事的更深层次的欣赏，它使我们感到积极的情绪。这种积极的情绪对我们的健康有好处——我们的情绪和身体健康，以及我们的人际关系健康)”可知，本文主要讲的是感恩对我们的情感和心理健康都有好处。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Gratitudeisadeeperappreciationforsomeoneorsomethingthatmakesusfeelapositiveemotion.Andthispositiveemotioncanbegoodforourhealth—ouremotionalandphysicalhealth,aswellasthehealthofourrelationships.( 感恩是对某人或某事的更深层次的欣赏，它使我们感到积极的情绪。这种积极的情绪对我们的健康有好处——我们的情绪和身体健康，以及我们的人际关系健康)”可知，本文主要讲的是感恩对我们的情感和心理健康都有好处。由此推知，可以从报纸的健康板块看到本文。故选C项。第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余。TipsonsavingenergyWeallwanttosavemoney,andwiththecostoflivingontheriseintheUK,it’sbecomemoreimportantthanevertowatchwhatwespend.____16____Theoil,gasandelectricityweusearetopowerandheatourhomes.That’swhymanyofusarelookingatwaystosaveenergysowedon’thavetopayforhugefuelbills.____17____Totrytoachievethis,newhomesintheUKwillbebannedfrominstallingnewgasandoilboilersby2025.Havingaheatpumpinsteadcanhelpsaveenergy,butthey’reunaffordableformanypeople.Therearesomelow-budgetsolutionsyoucantumtotoloweryourenergyusage.Warmairescapesourhomeseasily,soaddingdraughtexcludersoratoweltoblockthesegapswillhelp.____18____Switchingofflightsisalsoagoodidea.Buttherearelotsofotherlittlethingswecandoaroundthehomethatwillhelpsaveenergy,anddon’tcostafortune.Theycouldbeasgoodasinstalling,fittingormakinganything.Putlidsonpotsandpanswhencooking—thefoodwillbereadyquicker.____19____Don’toverfillyourkettlewhenboilingwater.Acombinationofsmallmeasureslikethesecouldreducehouseholdenergybillsbyabout10%.So,we’rebeingencouragedtobemorefuelefficient.____20____.A.Useamicrowavetoreheatfoodratherthantheoven.B.Thebiggestincreaseinourexpenseatthemomentisonenergy.C.Heatpumpsanddoubleglazingcanbeexpensivetoinstall.D.Overfillingyourkettlewhenboilingwaterwillsaveenergy.E.Makingourhomemoreenergyefficientistheobviouswaytosavemoney.F.Besides,itwillbeworthusingsomeheavycurtainstostoptheheatescaping.G.Butourmainaimisn’tjustfinancialbutalsotoreduceourcarbonfootprint,sothatourenergy usagedoesn’tcosttheEarth.【答案】16.B17.E18.F19.A20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些节约能源的贴士。【16题详解】根据前文“Weallwanttosavemoney,andwiththecostoflivingontheriseintheUK,it’sbecomemoreimportantthanevertowatchwhatwespend.（我们都想省钱，随着英国生活成本的上升，关注自己的支出变得比以往任何时候都重要）”以及后文“Theoil,gasandelectricityweusearetopowerandheatourhomes.（我们使用的石油、天然气和电力为我们的家庭提供动力和取暖）”可知，前句讲英国生活成本上升，后文讲能源的使用，所以空处应该是过渡句，由生活成本过度到能源成本上，所以B项“Thebiggestincreaseinourexpenseatthemomentisonenergy.（目前我们开支增加最多的是能源）”符合文意。故选B项。【17题详解】分析设空，可知设空位于段首，是本段的总领句，应该是对本段的高度概括，根据后文“Totrytoachievethis,newhomesintheUKwillbebannedfrominstallingnewgasandoilboilersby2025.Havingaheatpumpinsteadcanhelpsaveenergy,butthey’reunaffordableformanypeople.（为了实现这一目标，到2025年，英国将禁止新建家庭安装新的燃气和燃油锅炉。用热泵代替可以帮助节省能源，但对许多人来说负担不起）”可知，本段主要讲述的是节约能源，所以E项“Makingourhomemoreenergyefficientistheobviouswaytosavemoney.（让我们的家更节能是显而易见的省钱方法）”符合文意。故选E项。【18题详解】根据前文“Therearesomelow-budgetsolutionsyoucantumtotoloweryourenergyusage.Warmairescapesourhomeseasily,soaddingdraughtexcludersoratoweltoblockthesegapswillhelp.（有一些低预算的解决方案可以帮助你降低能源消耗。温暖的空气很容易从我们的家中逸出，所以添加防通风设备或毛巾堵住这些缝隙会有帮助）”可知，本段主要是在讲述如何避免温暖空气的流逝，所以F项“Besides,itwillbeworthusingsomeheavycurtainstostoptheheatescaping.（此外，使用一些厚窗帘，以阻止热量流失将是值得的）”符合文意。故选F项。【19题详解】根据前文“Buttherearelotsofotherlittlethingswecandoaroundthehomethatwillhelpsaveenergy,anddon’tcostafortune.（ 但是我们可以在家里做很多其他的小事情来帮助节约能源，而且不花一大笔钱）”可知，本段主要介绍一些小技巧来帮助节约能源，所以A项“Useamicrowavetoreheatfoodratherthantheoven.（用微波炉而不是烤箱来加热食物）”符合本段主题。故选A项。【20题详解】分析设空，可知设空位于文章的最后一句，再根据前文“So,we’rebeingencouragedtobemorefuelefficient.（因此，我们被鼓励使用更有效的燃料）”可知，最后一段是对本文的总结，所以G项“Butourmainaimisn’tjustfinancialbutalsotoreduceourcarbonfootprint,sothatourenergyusagedoesn’tcosttheEarth.（但我们的主要目标不只是经济上的，还要减少我们的碳足迹，这样我们的能源使用就不会对地球造成损失）”是对前文的一个总结。故选G项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Threemorningsaweek,IonawalkssixblocksfromEasternHighSchooltoPayneElementarySchool.She____21____atthefrontdeskjustafter8:30a.m.andmakesherwaytoa____22____,whereshe’llbeteachingsecond-andthird-graderswhoarefullofenergyaftertheschoolday.Iona,asenioratEasternHigh,____23____thisworkbackintheninthgrade.It’srunbyReach,aWashingtonD.C.nonprofit,whichtrainshighschool____24____likehertobereadingtutors(教师)forelementaryschoolstudents.It’satutoringprogramthatworksintwo____25____.It’sservinga(n)____26____needinthecity:Two-thirdsofstudentsinD.C.publicschoolscan’t____27____andwriteatgradelevelwhentheystarthighschool.Reach____28____theseolderstudentstobecome____29____readersbygivingthemthetoolstoteachyoungerkids.Tutoringprogramsthat____30____youngerandolderstudentsare____31____.Butmostrelyon____32____students.Reachturnsthe____33____onitshead:Mostoftheteenagetutorsstartthe____34____readingbetweenthefourth-andsixth-gradelevel...Thetutors____35____traininginliteracy(读写能力)instructionandthey’re____36____asrolemodels.WithReach,teensaregiventhe____37____ofhelpingayoungerstudent.That’sabig____38____forthem.Ionasaysshe____39____readingalotmorethanshedidwhenshestartedalmostfouryearsago.Shehasn’tdecidedonherfutureplans,butshedoes____40____onething:Shewantstoworkwithkids. 21.A.checksoutB.wakesupC.sitsdownD.signsin22A.parkB.classroomC.hospitalD.library23.A.reportedB.leftC.beganD.created24.A.teachersB.studentsC.playersD.foreigners25.A.schoolsB.communitiesC.periodsD.directions26.A.vitalB.unnecessaryC.strangeD.sudden27.A.paintB.speakC.readD.sing28.A.forcesB.helpsC.asksD.reminds29.A.busierB.richerC.quieterD.better30.A.turndownB.paybackC.pairupD.lookinto31.A.commonB.interestingC.annoyingD.ambitious32.A.full-grownB.so-calledC.high-achievingD.fun-loving33.A.ideaB.excuseC.habitD.question34.A.testB.competitionC.meetingD.program35.A.refuseB.receiveC.offerD.discover36.A.positionedB.correctedC.protectedD.included37.A.informationB.traditionC.rewardD.responsibility38.A.storyB.dealC.viewpointD.problem39.A.enjoysB.suggestsC.explainsD.imagines40.A.supportB.faceC.knowD.hear【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.B25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B36.A37.D38.B39.A40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要通过讲高中生Iona当小学的阅读辅导老师的事情引出了非盈利机构Reach的一个阅读辅导项目，这个项目和普通的项目不一样，这是双向的项目，可以使参加的高中生和小学的学生都受益。【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：早上8点半刚过，她就在前台签到，然后去教室，她将在那里教二年级和三年级的学生，他们上完课后精力充沛。A.checksout结账离开；B.wakesup醒来；C.sitsdown坐下；D.signsin签到。根据下文“atthefrontdeskjustafter8:30a.m.”和“she’llbeteaching”可知，她是老师，早上八点半是签到。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：早上8点半刚过，她就在前台签到，然后去教室，她将在那里教二年级和三年级的学生，他们上完课后精力充沛。A.park公园；B.classroom教室；C.hospital医院；D.library图书馆。根据下文“whereshe’llbeteaching”可知，她在教室教学生。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Iona是东部高中的一名高三学生，她从九年级就开始了这项工作。A.reported报道；B.left离开；C.began开始；D.created创造。根据下文“backintheninthgrade”可知，她从九年级就开始了这项工作。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是由华盛顿特区的非盈利机构Reach经营的，专门培训像她这样的高中生，让他们成为小学生的阅读辅导老师。A.teachers老师；B.students学生；C.players球员；D.foreigners外国人。根据上文“Iona,asenioratEasternHigh”可知，这个机构专门培训像她这样的高中生，让他们成为小学生的阅读辅导老师。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个双向的辅导项目。A.schools学校；B.communities社区；C.periods时期；D.directions方向。根据上文“whichtrainshighschool____4____likehertobereadingtutors(教师)forelementaryschoolstudents”和下文“It’sservinga(n)____6____needinthecity”可知，这是一个双向的辅导项目。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它满足了这个城市的一个重要需求：华盛顿特区公立学校三分之二的学生在上高中时还不能达到年级水平的读写能力。A.vital关键的；B.unnecessary不必要的；C.strange奇怪的；D.sudden突然的。根据下文“Two-thirdsofstudentsinD.C.publicschoolscan’t____7____andwriteatgradelevelwhentheystarthighschool”可知，它满足了这个城市的一个重要需求。故选A。【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它满足了这个城市的一个重要需求：华盛顿特区公立学校三分之二的学生在上高中时还不能达到年级水平的读写能力。A.paint绘画；B.speak说；C.read读；D.sing唱歌。根据上文“bereadingtutors(教师)forelementaryschoolstudents”可知，华盛顿特区公立学校三分之二的学生在上高中时还不能达到年级水平的读写能力。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Reach帮助这些年龄较大的学生成为更好的读者，为他们提供了教育年幼孩子的工具。A.forces强迫；B.helps帮助；C.asks问；D.reminds提醒。根据下文“bygivingthemthetoolstoteachyoungerkids”可知，Reach帮助这些年龄较大的学生成为更好的读者，为他们提供了教育年幼孩子的工具。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Reach帮助这些年龄较大的学生成为更好的读者，为他们提供了教育年幼孩子的工具。A.busier更忙的；B.richer更富有的；C.quieter更安静的；D.better更好的。根据下文“bygivingthemthetoolstoteachyoungerkids”可知，Reach帮助这些年龄较大的学生成为更好的读者，为他们提供了教育年幼孩子的工具。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：将年龄较小的学生和年龄较大的学生配对的辅导项目很常见。A.turndown拒绝；B.payback偿还；C.pairup配对；D.lookinto调查。根据下文“youngerandolderstudents”可知，此处是指“将年龄较小的学生和年龄较大的学生配对”。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：将年龄较小的学生和年龄较大的学生配对的辅导项目很常见。A.common常见的；B.interesting有趣的；C.annoying令人生气的；D.ambitious有野心的。根据下文“Butmostrelyon____12____students.Reachturnsthe____13____onitshead”可知，将年龄较小的学生和年龄较大的学生配对的辅导项目很常见，但Reach不一样。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但大多数学校都依赖于成绩优异的学生。A.full-grown发育完全的；B.so-called所谓的；C.high-achieving得高分的；D.fun-loving爱好玩乐的。根据下文“Reachturnsthe____13____onitshead:Mostoftheteenagetutorsstartthe____14____readingbetweenthefourth-andsixth-gradelevel”可知，常见的辅导项目是依赖于成绩优异的学生，空格处是“得高分的”。故选C。【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Reach完全改变了这个想法：大多数青少年导师开始项目时阅读水平都在四年级到六年级之间。A.idea想法；B.excuse借口；C.habit习惯；D.question问题。根据下文“Mostoftheteenagetutorsstartthe____14____readingbetweenthefourth-andsixth-gradelevel”和前面的“mostrelyon____12____students”可知，Reach完全改变了这个想法。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Reach完全改变了这个想法：大多数青少年导师开始项目时的阅读水平都在四年级到六年级之间。A.test测试；B.competition竞争；C.meeting会议；D.program程序、项目。根据第5空前的“It’satutoringprogram”可知，这是个辅导项目。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些导师接受识字教育的培训，他们被定位为榜样。A.refuse拒绝；B.receive接收；C.offer提供；D.discover发现。根据下文“traininginliteracy(读写能力)instruction”可知，这些导师受过识字教育的培训。故选B。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些导师受过识字教育的培训，他们被定位为榜样。A.positioned定位；B.corrected纠正；C.protected保护；D.included包括。根据下文“asrolemodels”可知，他们被定位为榜样。故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Reach项目中，青少年被赋予了帮助低年级学生的责任。A.information信息；B.tradition传统；C.reward奖励；D.responsibility责任。根据下文“helpingayoungerstudent”可知，帮助低年级学生是责任。故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对他们来说是件大事。A.story故事；B.deal交易；C.viewpoint观点；D.problem问题。根据下文“forthem”可知，这对他们来说是件大事，abigdeal意为“大事”。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Iona说，她现在比四年前刚开始读书时更喜欢读书了。A.enjoys喜欢；B.suggests建议；C.explains解释；D.imagines想象。根据下文“morethanshedidwhenshestartedalmostfouryearsago”可知，她现在比四年前刚开始读书时更喜欢读书了。故选A。【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还没有决定未来的计划，但她知道一件事：她想和孩子们一起工作。A.support支持；B.face面对；C.know知道；D.hear听见。根据上文“Shehasn’tdecidedonherfutureplans”和下文“Shewantstoworkwithkids”可知，她还没有决定未来的计划，但她知道她想和孩子们一起工作。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Thereareatleastfivehotspotsof____41____(float)plasticintheglobalocean.Thesearegyres(海洋环流),____42____circulatingcurrentstrapdebris(残渣).Thisone—theso-calledGreatPacificGarbagePatch—isthe____43____(large),withalmost80,000tonnes____44____(distribute)over600,000squaremiles.Thescientiststeamedup____45____acharitythatcollectsoldfishinggearandotherlitterfromtheocean,andgatheredhundredsofplasticitems____46____(study)inthelab.They____47____(find)plantsandanimalsin2021,includinganemones,tinymarinebugs,andcrabson90%ofthedebristheyexamined.Aswellas____48____(create)asemi-permanentfloatinghabitatfor____49____(coast)speciesintheopenocean,theresearcherssayallthisplasticcouldbeprovidinginvasivespecieswithrafts(筏子)thatallowthemtocross____50____Pacific.This,theysay,isyetanotherunintendedconsequenceofplasticpollutionfortheocean.【答案】41.floating42.where43.largest44.distributed45.with46.tostudy47.found48.creating49coastal50.the【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是全球海洋中至少有五个漂浮塑料的热点地区及塑料污染的影响。【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：全球海洋中至少有五个漂浮塑料的热点地区。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词plastic，float的形容词是floating，意为“漂浮的”，故填floating。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些是海洋环流，环流将碎片困在其中。分析可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词gyres是地方，因此空格处用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。【43题详解】考查最高级。句意：这一块——所谓大太平洋垃圾带——是最大的，大约有8万吨垃圾分布在60万平方英里的土地上。空前有the，空格处用最高级largest，故填largest。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这一块——所谓的大太平洋垃圾带——是最大的，大约有8万吨垃圾分布在60万平方英里的土地上。空格处是with复合结构，80,000tonnes和distribute之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填distributed。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：科学家们与一家从海洋中收集旧渔具和其他垃圾的慈善机构合作，收集了数百件塑料物品在实验室中进行研究。teamupwith是固定短语，意为“与……合作”，因此空格处是介词with，故填with。【46题详解】考查不定式。句意：科学家们与一家从海洋中收集旧渔具和其他垃圾的慈善机构合作，收集了数百件塑料物品在实验室中进行研究。根据语境和句意可知，空格处用不定式表目的，故填tostudy。【47题详解】考查时态。句意：他们在2021年检测的90%的残骸上发现了植物和动物，包括海葵、微小的海洋昆虫和螃蟹。句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填found。【48题详解】考查动名词。句意：研究人员表示，这些塑料除了在开阔海洋中为沿海物种创造了一个半永久性的漂浮栖息地以外，也可以成为入侵物种的“筏子”，使其穿越太平洋。aswellas中的as是介词，其后跟动名词creating作宾语，故填creating。【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：研究人员表示，这些塑料除了在开阔海洋中为沿海物种创造了一个半永久性的漂浮栖息地以外，也可以成为入侵物种的“筏子”，使其穿越太平洋。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词species，coast的形容词是coastal，意为“沿海的”，故填coastal。【50题详解】考查定冠词。句意：研究人员表示，这些塑料除了在开阔海洋中为沿海物种创造了一个半永久性的漂浮栖息地以外，也可以成为入侵物种的“筏子”，使其穿越太平洋。Pacific是独一无二的，前面需加定冠词the，故填the。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Avideoofa66-year-oldmancallErjiuhasgoneviralonChinesesocialmediasincehisnephewTangHaosharetheman’sshortbutheartstring-tugginglifestoryontheshort-videoplatformBilibilionMonday.Usethename“Yigecaixiang”,Tanguseswittystorytellinginthe11-minutevideotoconveytheexperienceofErjiu.Theman,thatusesacaneduetoalongtimedisability,isdescribedasacommonherowhoneverbowstolife’sdifficulties,butstrugglesinsteadtoleadfullandmeaningfulvillagelife.Erjiu’sself-relianceandpersistnotonlymovedTang,butalsohadtouchedtheheartsofmillionsofonlineviewers.Commentingintheunexpectedpopularityofhisvideo,Tangsaid:“Itmayhaveattractedalotofviews,notbecauseIwroteadecent(正派的)storyandbecausemyuncleliveshislifewell.”【答案】1.call→called2.share→shared3.Use→Using4.experience→experiences5.that→who 6.去掉instead7.lead后加a8.persist→persistence9.in→on10.and→but【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个叫“二舅”的66岁男子走红网络的故事。【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：一段66岁男子二舅的视频在中国社交媒体上疯传，原因是他的侄子唐浩周一在短视频平台哔哩哔哩上分享了这名男子短暂却扣人心弦的人生故事。分析句意和句式结构可知，call和man之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词called作后置定语，表被动关系。故将call改为called。2.考查动词的时态。句意：同上。分析句意可知，此处“分享”这一动作应该发生在“走红”之前，所以应该用一般过去时。故将share改为shared。3.考查非谓语动词。句意：在这段11分钟的视频中，唐浩以“衣戈猜想”的名字，用诙谐的叙事方式传达了二舅的经历。分析句意和句式结构可知，句子开头的use应用非谓语动词作状语，use和主语之间是主动关系，所以用非谓语动词中的现在分词作伴随状语，表主动关系。故将Use改为Using。4.考查名词。句意：同上。分析句意可知，此处experience是“经历”的意思，是可数名词，所以此处用名词的复数形式表示很多经历。故将experience改为experiences。5.考查定语从句。句意：这个因长期残疾，一直拄着拐杖的男人，被描述为一个平凡的英雄，他从不向生活的困难低头，而是努力过着充实而有意义的乡村生活。分析句式结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，且先行词是man指人，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词who来引导。故将that改为who。6.考查副词。句意：同上。分析句意再根据but可知，此处用strugglestodosth表示“努力做某事”符合语境，所以本句中的instead是多余的。故去掉instead。7.考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句意再根据lead可知，此处用固定短语leada……life表示“过着……的生活”符合语境，full发音是以辅音音素开头。故lead后加a。8.考查名词。句意：二舅的自立和坚持不仅打动了唐，也感动了数百万网络观众的心。分析句式结构可知，因为self-reliance是名词，and前后应该保持一致，所以此处也应该用名词和 self-reliance一起作主语，persistence为不可数名词。故将persist改为persistence。9.考查介词。句意：在评论自己的视频意外走红时，唐说：“它可能吸引了很多人的观看，不是因为我写了一个正派的故事，而是因为我叔叔生活得很好。”分析句意再根据Commenting可知，此处用介词on构成固定搭配Commenton表示“对……评论”符合语境。故将in改为on。10.考查连词。句意：同上。分析句意再根据上文的not可知，此处用固定搭配not……but……表示“不是……而是……”符合语境。故将and改为but。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.最近，你在某英文论坛上看到一个帖子，内容是“WilltraditionalclassesbereplacedbyAIclasses(ArtificialIntelligence)?”。请你对该帖子发表自己的看法。内容要点包括：1.AI课堂的优点；2.AI课堂缺点；3.你的观点。注意：1.词数应为100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。WilltraditionalclassesbereplacedbyAIclasses?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnePossibleversionWilltraditionalclassesbereplacedbyAIclasses?Nowadays,withthedevelopmentofAItechnology,AIhasbecomeanewtrendinourlife.ThereisnodoubtthatAIisofgreatbenefitforteaching.Comparedwithtraditionalclasses,wehaveaccesstoAIclasseseasilywhereverweareandwheneveritis,fromwhichwecangetpersonalizedteachingsothatwecanmakemuchprogresswithease.Nevertheless,eachcoinhastwosides.AlthoughAIclassesdohavesomeadvantages,machines arenotgoodatcommunicatingwithstudentsbecausetheylackemotions.Furthermore,programmedaheadoftime,theyareunabletodowithunexpectedsituationsasrealteachersdo.AsfarasI’mconcerned,whileAIclassesarebecomingmorepopular,itwouldbebetterforustocombinetraditionalclasseswithAIclassesinourstudy.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。要求考生就内容是“WilltraditionalclassesbereplacedbyAIclasses(ArtificialIntelligence)?”的帖子发表自己的看法，内容要点包括：1.AI课堂的优点；2.AI课堂的缺点；3.你的观点。【详解】1.词汇积累然而：nevertheless→however另外：furthermore→what’smore提前：aheadoftime→aheadofschedule就我而言：asfarasI’mconcerned→inmyopinion2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Furthermore,programmedaheadoftime,theyareunabletodowithunexpectedsituationsasrealteachersdo.拓展句：Furthermore,becausetheyareprogrammedaheadoftime,theyareunabletodowithunexpectedsituationsasrealteachersdo.【点睛】【高分句型1】Comparedwithtraditionalclasses,wehaveaccesstoAIclasseseasilywhereverweareandwheneveritis,fromwhichwecangetpersonalizedteachingsothatwecanmakemuchprogresswithease.(运用了wherever和whenever引导的让步状语从句，“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句和sothat引导的目的状语从句)【高分句型2】AlthoughAIclassesdohavesomeadvantages,machinesarenotgoodatcommunicatingwithstudentsbecausetheylackemotions.(运用了although引导的让步状语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)听力答案：1.C2.C3.B4.A5.A6.A7.C8.C9.B10.A11.A12.B13.A14.B15.B16.C17.B18.C19.B20.C